Fundamental In-building

Prepared by : Mardianto
Chandra
Department : BSS
Development

The Evolving Route to 3G

Development of Mobile
Communication

TD-SCDMA

Structure of GSM System

BSS - Base Station
Subsystem

OMC

VLR
BTS

BSC

HLR

MSC
IWF

BTS
BTS

EIR
BSC

NSS - Network
Subsystem
PSTN
ISDN
PSPDN

BTS
BTS

NMS - Network
Management
System

SC

MS
Air

Abis

AC

Transcoder

Structure of WCDMA System

Differences Between WCDMA & GSM

WCDMA Technology
Features

WCDMA is a self-interfering system

One of radio network planning goals is to minimize selfinterfering.
Self-interfering
Source: shared spectrum, no ideal frequency spreading
code with self-related and mutual-related features
Symptom: power escalation, soft capacity, etc.
Solution:
power control, access control,
load control and
Related output
Frequency
detailed planning

Time
Code
word
Synchronize

CDMA self-interfering illustration

Time

WCDMA Network Planning

Elements
Power planning
Statically set the transmit power of the downlink
common control channel
Determine the static coverage range of the cell
Dynamically adjust the transmit power of the
dedicated channel

Scrambling planning: reduce inter-cell interference

Reasonable hybrid service model
Different rates and quality requirements for uplink/downlink links of services
shall be taken into account.

Accurate channel model

Power and quality requirements for common control channels shall be taken
into account.
Power and quality requirements of uplink/downlink dedicated channels for
different services shall be taken into account.

WCDMA Technology
Features
Keep S/I
unchanged.
S
I

S
I

Add a user

Self-interfering and power control

S
I

I
S/I cannot meet the
T
requirements, an
extra needs to be
added.

WCDMA Network Planning Features

Hybrid multi-service system complex model

Soft capacity, soft blocking and soft

handover detailed access and control
policy design
Power control

Near - far problem

Capacity and coverage are closely

related to interference high
emulation analysis difficulty

Node B
Node B

despreading
despreading

Multi-service Hybrid System

Differentservices
serviceshave
have
Different
differentrates,
rates,and
andtheir
their
different
coverageranges
rangesand
and
coverage
capacitiesare
aredifferent.
different.
capacities

UMTS LCD: 64
kb/s
Radius = 0.73R

UMTS UDD:
144 kb/s
Radius = 0.64R

UMTS LCD:
144 kb/s
Radius = 0.60R

UMTS UDD:
64 kb/s
Radius = 0.78R

UMTS UDD:
384 kb/s
Radius = 0.56R

UMTS Voice:
12.2 kb/s
Radius = 0.87R

UMTS Voice: 8 kb/s

Radius = R

UMTS LCD:
384 kb/s
Radius = 0.49R

Differentproportions
proportionsand
and
Different
compositionof
ofhybrid
hybridservice,
service,
composition
withdifferent
differentsystem
systemcapacities
capacities
with

WCDMA Technology Features

Soft handover
Outline: A mobile station communicates with two base stations
simultaneously with smooth handover.

WCDMA Technology Features

WCDMA channel features
Data + channel code + scrambling code for channel division
Downlink: Cells are divided by scrambling codes
Uplink: Users are divided by scrambling codes

Structure and function of pilot channel

1 + (256, 0) + primary scrambling code
Flag of cell coverage
Reference of channel estimation
Reference of demodulation

Code Resource Planning

SF = 4

Red represents allocated code words

SF = 8
SF = 16
SF = 32
0

10

11

12

13

14

15

Green represents blocked high-speed

frequency spreading factor code words
because low-speed frequency spreading
factor code words are allocated
Blue represents blocked low-speed
frequency spreading factor code words
because high-speed frequency spreading
factor code words are allocated

SF = 4
SF = 8
SF = 16

Orange represents code words optimally

allocated according to the applied
frequency spreading factor

SF = 32
16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Code resource allocation principle

Utilization: Code words blocked due to code
allocation shall be reduced as much as
possible.
Complexity: The quantity of code words
allocated shall be reduced as much as possible.

Any one
from three
results

RBS 6000 Ericsson

RBS 6201 & 6102 Ericsson

RBS 6201 ( 2G & 3G)

RBS 6102 ( 2G & 3G)

RBS 6201 & 6102: menggunakan

material yang sama untuk Module DU
& RU nya

RBS 6201 & 6102 Ericsson

6 Module RUW (3G)
1 Module DUW (3G)
6 Module RUS (2G)
2 Module DUG (2G)

1 DUW (3G) bisa support untuk 6 sector (6 RUW)

Sedangkan
1 DUG (2G) hanya support 12 TRX atau 3 RUS

RBS 6601

MU 6601 (2G)

RU 6601 (2G & 3G)

RBS 6601

RBS 3900 Huawei

RBS 3900E (2G & 3G)
RBS 3900A
(2G&3G - Outdoor)

RBS 3900
(2G&3G - indoor)

RBS 3900 Huawei

RBS 3900
(2G&3G indoor)

RBS 3900A Huawei

RBS 3900A
(2G&3G - Outdoor)

Why We need Indoor Coverage??

Penetration loss

The penetration loss of buildings refers to the attenuation of radio

waves when they pass through the outer structure of buildings. It
equals the difference between field-strength medians in and out of a
building.
It is related to the material and thickness of buildings.

PICO Work Flow

Capacity Dimensioning

Penentuan tingkat keramaian

building (apakah itu tipe office,
mall, dsb) jadi kita bisa
memperkirakan jumlah traffic
yang mungkin ada

Choice of antenna and RBS System

1. Pemilihan Type RBS (apakah

indoor, outdoor atau wall mounted)
sesuai dengan tempat yang ada
2. Pemilihan Type Antenna (Omni
atau directional) disesuaikan
dengan bentuk layout gedung
(floor plan)

Choice of antenna and RBS System

RF Design

Tujuan dari RF design adalah

coverage inbuilding dan ini semua
berhubungan dengan link budget
setiap antenna

RF Design

RF Design
Link Budget

RF Design
Link Budget

RF Design

Contoh :Design dengan jumlah

antenna yang sama, tetapi loss nya
berbeda

Antenna Configuration
Jumlah Antenna, posisi & type
antenna yang di design benarbenar tergantung dari layout atau
floor plan gedung, tidak ada yang
benar 2 baku

Antenna Configuration

Antenna Configuration

Next work flow

Installasi DAS, dsb
CDD / CDR
Performance RBS & User Experience
Optim coverage indoor (bisa berkala)

Thank You