DYNAMICS

NEWTONS FIRST LAW OF MOTION

NEWTONS SECOND LAW OF MOTION

es that the rate of change of momentum

bject is directly proportional to the resu
e acting on it and it acts in the direction
he resultant force.

1. Resultant Force,

When, m is constant,

d
dv
dm
(mv ) m v
dt
dt
dt

dv
dm
0 F m ma
dt
dt
( since,

2. From,

dv
a
dt

t
v
d
F (mv ) Fdt m dv
0
u
dt
Ft mv mu

Ft
is called
the impulse which is equal to the change in
linear momentum and F is called the Impulse Force.

ulse in a collision is represented by the area under F

wn above

NEWTONS THIRD LAW OF MOTION

Example:

LINEAR
MOMENTUM

LINEAR MOMENTUM
Linear momentum of an object of
mass, m moves with velocity , v is
the product of mv, that is:
p=

mv
For a system that consists of a
number of objects, the total
n
momentum is the
vector sum of the
P mi vi
momenta of thei 1various object.

THE PRINCIPLE OF
CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
It states that the total of linear
momentum for a closed system
remains constant unless there exists a
net external force acting on it.
The principle of conservation of momentum is consistent with
Newton s First Law.

PRINCIPAL OF
CONSERVATION OF LINEAR
MOMENTUM

dp
From Newtons Second Law,
F
dt
If no external force acts, then
dp
F 0
0
dt

So, Linear momentum, p = constant.

Conservation of Linear Momentum from 2nd

and 3 rd Newtons Law of motion
m1

u1

m2

Before collision

tons second Law,

m1

v1

m2

v2

After collision

F1

Newtons third Law,

e that the time collision

the same for both objects

refore,

u2

m1v1 m1u1
m v m 2 u2
, F2 2 2
t
t

Action Force = - Reaction Force

F1 F2

m 2 v 2 m 2 u2
m1v1 m1u1

t
t

m1u1 m 2 u2 m1v1 m 2 v 2

ce, Linear momentum before collision = Linear momentum after collisi

CONSERVATION OF
LINEAR MOMENTUM

PERFECTLY ELASTIC
COLLISIONS

VARIOUS TYPE OF
COLLISIONS

CENTRE OF
MASS

Example: Determination of the centre of mass

istance of centre of mass of lamina from the point O,

( m x ) 144 6 54 15

8.45cm
m
(
144

54
)

et, M A= 30g, M B = 60 g , M C = 80 g.
Particles and their coordinates are 30 g ( 0.0 ), 60 g ( 0, 5 ) and 8

30(0) 60(0) 80(7) 560

x

3.29cm
30 60 80
170
30(0) 60(5) 80(0) 300
y

1.76cm
30 60 80
170

FRICTIONAL
FORCES

Draw a Free body diagram

Draw a Free body diagram

Example:

Draw a Free body diagram

Solution:

T sin 300

R mg

F R

T cos 300

Draw a Free body diagram

T sin 300 W
5 9.81
T
98.10 N
0
sin 30

W mg 5 9.81N

R T cos 30 0
T cos 30 0 98.1 cos 300

0.8660
R
10 9.81

Draw a Free body diagram

R1 25 cos 30 0

F cos 30 0

R2 F sin 30 0

0.20

25 sin 30 0

W 25 N
F cos 300 ( R1 R2 ) 25 sin 30 0
F cos 300 0.2( 25 cos 30 0 F sin 30 0 ) 25 sin 300
F cos 300 0.2 F sin 300 0.2 25 cos 30 0 25 sin 30 0
F (cos 30 0 0.2 sin 300 ) 0.2 25 cos 30 0 25 sin 300
F

16.830
21.97 N
0.766

Friction force: Substitute F = 21. 97 N

F f (25 cos 30 F sin 30 )

0

F f 0.2(21.65 10.99) 6.528 N

Solution:

R= 120 N T sin 30

F f R

T cos 30

120 N

T sin 30 50 N
0

50 N
T
100 N
0
sin 30

50 N

F f T cos 30 0

(120 N ) 100 cos 30 0

86.60
0.72
120

END