ELEMENTS OF RAIL

TRANSPORTATION:
THE MOTIVE POWER

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The definition:1.The power or ability to move
2.In thermodynamics, motive power
is an agency, as water or steam,
used to impart motion. Generally,
motive power is defined as a natural
agent, as water, steam, wind,
electricity, etc., used to impart
motion to machinery; a motor; a

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The definition:3. The power that enables something
to move.
In rail transport , the motive power is
the locomotives or the head of a train
coach.
The locomotives uses three three
types of motive power:- the steam,
the diesel and the electricity

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The steam:Steam engine uses water to produce
steam and then the steam is subject
to be pressurerize to produce power
to move pistons . From that generate
generator for the train to move and
to provide electricity for other usage.

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The steam:-

The locomotive was built in 1923 by

the American Locomotive Company.
Its classification number is 2-8-2. Two
wheels in front, eight in the middle,
and two in the rear

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The steam:-

The first of these locomotives entered

service in 1927 with the Canadian
National
Railway.
This
class
of
locomotives holds the world stam record
for a journey of 999 miles from St. Paul,
Minnesota to Livingstone, Montana

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The steam:-

The challenger class of locomotives

were the most powerful locomotives
ever designed for passenger work. They
weighed one million pounds. It was built
in 1942 for the Union Pacific Railroad,
and there is still one that can be seen
that is in working condition in Cheyenne,

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The steam:-

Great Britain built this locomotive in

1927. A total of seventy were built
and ran for forty years of service with
London Midlnad and Scottish

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The diesel:The diesel engines comes when
combustion
engine
had
been
invented.
Diesel-Electric applications use a
diesel engine to drive an electric
generator/alternator. The generator
converts mechanical energy to
electrical energy, which is sent to the
traction motors that propel the

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The diesel:In Diesels the power supply to the
motors is always limited by the
amount of electricity the diesel engine
can generate. In practice infinite
power is not possible.
Diesels have a very large number of
moving parts involving many pistons,
valves, turbines, chains etc.
The speed record for a diesel its only

THE
MOTIVE POWER
A profile of a combustion engines

THE
MOTIVE POWER
A profile of a combustion engines

THE
MOTIVE POWER

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The electric engines:An electric engine is technically very
straight foreword, it picks up electricity
either by means of an overhead power
supply or electric rails, has an onboard
transformer which brings the power
supply down to an acceptable level (like
a sub-station). There is also a section
that regulates the power supply to a
level controlled by the driver. Then the
power is provided to the traction motors
on each axle of the engine's wheels,

THE
MOTIVE POWER
The electric engines:All
that
is
needed
is
power
transformers and regulators, so the
engine is very light. Traction motors
weigh relatively very little. This is very
useful because it means the track
doesn't get worn out so fast, and they
can travel at much higher speeds.

THE
MOTIVE POWER
Electric engines are very powerful,
electric motors can produce as much
torque as you give them power, and
because the power supply to the
motors is not limited.
Another major advantage is speed.
Electric engines have almost no
moving parts, just the motors and the
wheel axles.
The speed record for an electric

THE
MOTIVE POWER
Electric engines are also very
efficient. They are quiet and don't
produce a lot of heat so most of the
energy is being converted into
foreword motion.
However this might not be so straight
foreword given the fact that power
stations
required
to
generate
electricity do not do so at full
efficiency

THE MOTIVE POWER

The primary disadvantage of electric engines is
that they require a power supply, usually
provided by overhead lines.
As most major railways in most countries were
built in the steam era, no power lines were not
built. So if electric engines are to run then the
line must be electrified where power lines are
built above the railway.
This can be a very expensive task as it may
involve raising the height of bridges and tunnels
as well as the huge cost of building suspended
lines over many miles of track.
This is why only important mainlines are

THE
MOTIVE POWER
Minor disadvantage is the possibility of
power disruption.
In order to work a pentograph on top of
the locomotive must make contact with
the electric wires properly at all times,
sometimes it is possible for things to go
wrong.
Also should any engineering work be
performed on the railway line the
electricity supply has to be shut down
meaning other trains cannot pass through,
and on busy railways this can cause
problems as a large numbers of trains

THE
MOTIVE POWER
Pantograph

Motive power
Rope-hauled, gravity powered/ pulled by
horses
19th century steam locomotives
1920s- diesel & electric locomotives
1970s- most countries replaced steam
locomotives for day-to-day use
Historic steam trains- for leisure &
enthusiast market
Electric traction
lower cost per mile but high initial cost

Locomotive
A railway vehicle that provides the motive
power for a train
No payload capacity of it own
Sole purpose is to move the train along
track
May be referred to as multiple units or
railcars
Power cars
Vehicles which provide motive power to haul an
unpowered train but not generally considered
locomotive because they have payload space or
rarely detached from their trains

LOCOMOTIVE.
Origin
First successful locomotives were built
by Cornish inventor Richard Trevithick
The Salamanca 1st commercially
successful locomotive built for the
narrow gauge Middleton Railway in
1812
Blucher 1st successful flanged-wheel
adhesion locomotives 1814
Steam locomotive - 1825

A steam locomotive at the

Gare du Nord, Paris, France,
in 1930

The Salamanca, the first

commercially successful
locomotive
UP 68, one of Union Pacific's
4,500 hp 'veranda' turbines.
From the Don Ross Collection

FS class E412, an
electric locomotive
operated by Trenitalia
in Italy.

An ALCO RS1 at the Southern

Appalachia Railway Museum, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee. In the foreground is
a restored Fairmont motor car.

LOCOMOTIVE.
Locomotives vs multiple units
Reasons why motive power for
trains isolated in a locomotives
rather than in self-propelled
vehicles
Ease for maintenance
Safety
Easy replacement of motive power
Maximum utilisation of power cars
Flexibility
Obsolescence cycles

LOCOMOTIVE.
Locomotives vs multiple
units
Disadvantages
Energy efficiency
No need to turn locomotive
Reliability
Safety

LOCOMOTIVE.
Classification by motive power
Steam
Diesel locomotives
Gas turbine-electric
Electric
Magnetic levitation
Hybrid
Experimental

LOCOMOTIVE.
Classification by use
Pax locomotives
Freight locomotive
Switcher/ shunting locomotives
Special-purpose locomotives
Fantacy job program