Baja Karbon, Klasifikasi Baja Karbon

METALURGI II

FERROUS ALLOYS

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II

Grouping of Steel, base on.

Komposisi kimia
Plain carbon steel (non-Alloyed Steel)
Baja Karbon rendah
Baja karbon menengah
Baja Karbon tinggi
Baja Paduan (Alloyed Steel)
Low Alloy steel
High Alloy steel

Struktur Mikro
Ferritic, Martensitik, austenitik
Bentuk Produk
bar, plat, strip, wire, profile
Metode produksi
Hot rolled, cold rolled
Deoxidasi
Killed, semi killed
Kekuatan Tarik ,
HSLA, UHSS,
Metode Perlakuan Panas/Penguatan
Tempering, Carburizing, nitriding, PH

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METALURGI II

Basic Steel Classification

Plain (non Alloyed)

Carbon steel Jika
(Smith,1993)
Maximum elemen
Manganese 1%
Sulfur 0.05%
Phosphorus 0,04%
Silicon 0,03%

Baja Paduan Rendah (low Alloy

Steel) prosentase Paduan
Total paduan <5% (Nayar,2002)
Al>0,3%
Cr >0,03%
Co>0,03%
Mo>0,08%
Ni>0,6 % (ASTM)
Elemen masing-masing lebih
dari 0,10

High Alloy Steel

Total paduan lebih dari 5%

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METALURGI II

Steel- Classification According to Carbon content Composition

Carbon Content

Alloy Content

Low-carbon steels
( 0.25 wt.%C)

Plain-carbon steels (no alloying element except Mn up to 1.65 wt.%)

Medium-carbon
steels
(0.25 - 0.55 wt.%C)

Low-alloy steels (total alloy content < 5 wt.%)

High-carbon steels
(> 0.55 wt.%)

High-alloy steels (total alloy content > 5 wt.%)

- Tool steels and stainless steels

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METALURGI II

Example- Classification according to Microstructure

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METALURGI II
Steel

High Alloy

Low Alloy

low carbon med carbon

high carbon
<0.25wt%C 0.25-0.6wt%C 0.6-1.4wt%C
heat
plain
treatable
Cr,V
Cr, Ni
Additions none
none
none
Ni, Mo
Mo
Example 1010 4310 1040
4340 1095
Hardenability 0
+
+
++
++
TS
0
+
++
+
EL
+
+
0
Name

plain HSLA

Uses

auto
struc.
sheet

bridges
towers
press.
vessels

plain

pistons wear
crank
gears
shafts
applic.
wear
bolts
hammers applic.
blades

tool
Cr, V,
Mo, W
4190
+++
++
-drills
saws
dies

increasing strength, cost, decreasing ductility

austentitic
stainless
Cr, Ni, Mo
304
0
0
++
high T
applic.
turbines
furnaces
V. corros.
resistant
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METALURGI II

Kodifikasi Baja (Steel Designation)

AISI, American Iron Steel Institute

ASTM, American Standard for Testing and Material
DIN, Deutsches Institut fur Normung
JIS, Japanese Industrial Standard
CEN, Committee European de Normalization
ISO, International Standardization Organization
SAE, Society for Automotive Engineering
NF, Association francaise de normalization (AFNOR)
UNS (Unified Numbering System) , SAE and ASTM

Baja Karbon, Klasifikasi Baja Karbon

METALURGI II

AISI-SAE (prinsipal)

Plain Carbon(non-alloyed steel)

Alloyed steel)

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II

UNS
UNS Descriptor

Ferros Metals

Dxxxxx

Specified mechanical Properties Steel

Fxxxxx

Cast irons

Gxxxxx

SAE and Former Carbon Alloy steel(ex tool

Steel)

Hxxxxx

AISI H steel

Jxxxxx

Cast Steel

Kxxxxx

Miscellaneous steels and ferrous alloy

Sxxxxx

Heat and corrosion resistant (stainless)steel

Txxxxx

Tool steel

UNS Descriptor

Welding filler metal

Wxxxxx

Welding filler Metal, covered And tubular

electrode Classified

G41300
chromium
Steel
about 0,3 %
carbon
K41400

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II

DIN
Low Alloy Steel
Digit Pertama merupakan jumlah
relatif C (Telah dikalikan 100)
Digit berikutnya menunjukkan
komposisi paduan, tergantung
Dari jenis paduan

Paduan

Faktor Pengali

Cromium, Cobalt, Manganese , Nikel,

Silicon

Aluminium, boron, Cupper,

Molibdenum, Niobium,Titanium,
vanadium

10

Phosphorus, Sulfur, Nitogen, Carbon

100

Contoh :

Nikel chromium steel, dengan

komposisi 0,24 %C, 3,5 %
Nikel, 0,8 Chromium
DIN
24
CrNi14
Bagaimana Dengan
20Cr 4 ??

High Alloy Steel

X 10Cr Ni 188,
0,1 % C, 18 %Cr, 8% Ni

X10CrNiNb189
0,1%C, 18%Cr, 8%Ni, ada
paduan Nb

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METALURGI II

ASTM System
ASTM writes standard specifications for various alloys to meet. The ASTM standard
covers chemical compositions, mechanical property limits or levels, fabrication
methods, and heat treatments. Alloys are required to satisfy these requirements.
For example, steel plates used for structural and pressure vessel designs are mostly
classified according ASTM standards.
*An ASTM designation is an arbitrarily chosen number pre-fixed by the letter "A".

Specification
A36
A131
A283
A284
A440
A529
A573
A678
A709

Steel type and condition

Carbon steel plates, bars and shapes
Carbon and HSLA steel plates, bars, shapes and rivets for ships
Carbon steel plates of low or intermediate tensile strength
Carbon-silicon steel plates of low or intermediate tensile strength for machine
parts and general construction
Carbon steel plates, bars and shapes of high tensile strength
Carbon steel plates, bars, shapes and sheet piling with 290 MPa (42 ksi)
minimum yield point
Carbon steel plates for applications requiring toughness at atmospheric
temperatures
Quenched and tempered carbon steel plates
Carbon, alloy and HSLA steel plates, bars and shapes for bridges

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II

JIS

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II

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METALURGI II
ASME

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METALURGI II

Plain Carbon Steel

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