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Perception:
Perception is the process of
receiving information about &
making sense of the world
around us. It tells us which
information to notice, how to
categorize the information & how
to
interpret
it
within
the
framework
of
our
existing
Selective
attention
is
influenced by characteristics
of the person or object being
perceived, particularly size,
intensity, motion, repetition,
and familiarity & novelty.
Candidate A is Franklin D.
Roosevelt
Candidate B is Winston
Churchill
Candidate C is Adolph Hitler
Selective
attention
is
also
influenced by our existing
knowledge & the moral &
ethical values we believe in.
What we learnt in past also
makes difference to the way we
perceive information.
Stereotyping
Stereotyping is the process of assigning
traits to people on the basis of their
membership to a particular social group.
People indulge in stereotyping as it is easy
to remember features of a stereotype.
Secondly we have an innate need to
understand & anticipate how others will
behave.
Stereotypes
though
are
not
completely fictional, they do not
describe every person accurately in
a social category.
Another problem with stereotyping
is that it lays the foundation for
discriminatory attitudes & behavior.
Attribution Theory:
The Attribution Process involves
deciding
whether
an
observed
behavior or event is caused mainly
by the person (internal factors) or by
the environment (external factors).
Attribution Errors:
Fundamental Attribution Error
Self Serving Bias