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AC Power and
Power Triangle
Learning Objectives
AC Power
uv
Z R jX
( )
v
S P jQ
(VA)
[watts, W]
V
QI X
X
2
[VAR]
[VA]
v
SP j Q
Reactive power calculated with X
AC Power
Notice the relationship between Z and S:
uv
ZR j X
( )
(VA)
Power Triangle
S P2 Q2
v
S P jQL
v
S S
Example Problem 1
Determine the real and reactive power of each
component.
Determine the apparent power delivered by the
source.
(VA)
P S cos
Q S sin
(W)
(VAR)
Example Problem 2
Determine the apparent power, total real and
reactive power using the following equations:
S VI
(VA)
P S cos
Q S sin
(W)
(VAR)
PT P1 P2 P3 P4
QT Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Example Problem 3
a.
b.
c.
d.
Example Problem 4
a.
b.
Power Factor
Power Factor
= cos-1(P / S)
ELI
Example Problem 5
a. Determine P,Q,S and the power factor for this circuit.
Draw the power triangle.
b. Is it a leading or lagging power factor?
c. Is the circuit inductive or capacitive?
Example Problem 6
a. Determine total current, apparent power, and the power
factor for this circuit. Is it a leading or lagging power
factor?
b. Determine total current, apparent power, and the power
factor if the capacitor reactance is decreased to 40
ohms. What kind of power factor does it have?