Contributions of the

Perspective of PA in Societies;
Governance
Joaquin, Kim Sharlyn D.
GPU 711 Prof. Rosette Librea

Four dimensions of the perspective of Public

Administration
The technical aspect
The problem of democracy and accountability
The role of the people
Issues of indigenization

The Technical Core

1987
The Study of Administration
How to run the constitution
a field of business, removed from the hurry and strife
of politics.
action-oriented
Management of government

The Democratic Imperative

The perspective of PA has other major components
which must dominate over simple technical
proficiency.
Efficiency in the exploitation of the poor must be
rejected; efficiency in the pursuit of justice elevated.
Desire to recapture and reenthrone vision
Task of administration should be accomplished

 The discipline from the beginning has assumed democracy as its

political context.
Accountability to the people and public service have been its key
values from the start.
The democratic values inherent in the field force them to engage in
social criticism as a principal stance with regards to statal rulers who
venerate hierarchy, technology for technologys sake, and
concentrated power.
Knott and Miller (1987) assert:
The problem of bureaucracy is exactly the same as the classic
problem of political power that has been addressed by democratic
theorists throughout history: how to make power accountable.

The Redefinition of the Word Public

Original assumption was that the modifier stood for
In its new incarnation, public focuses less on the
governmental institution and more on whom it serves.
Increasing acceptance of peoples involvement in the
planning, implementation, and evaluation of needed
services, whether by themselves or with the
cooperation and support of governmental agencies or
voluntary organizations.

Towards a Filipino View of the

Discipline
The desire to Filipinize PA stems in large part from the need to
make the field relevant and responsive to the demands not of
foreign powers and elite forces but of the majority of our people.
Grew out of the dissatisfaction with the inability of the discipline
brought here by American technical assistance to describe and
explain the ills and challenges of public service which are met in
the Philippines.
The desire to develop Philippine Public Administration is rooted in
Philippine experience and aspirations.

PA as Governance (Toward 2000s)

Development reforms seem not to be working effectively in most
underdeveloped polities and economies.
A governance framework was advanced by the UN, also the World Bank,
the Asian Development Bank, and other international conglomerates.
The process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are
implemented (or not implemented).
Open, transparent, and accountable process of formulating and implementing
government policies and laws.

Actors of Governance
Government is one of the actors in governance. Other
actors involved in governance vary depending on the
level of government that is under discussion.
In rural areas:
Influential land lords; associations of peasant farmers;
cooperatives; NGOs; research institutes; religious
leaders; finance institutions; political parties; the military
etc.
At the national level:
Media; lobbyists; international donors; multi-national

The term governance really goes beyond

government. (ADB)
UNDP describes it as the exercise of political,
economic, and administrative authority to
manage a nations affairs.

Good Governance
According to Brillantes et al., (2008), the
concept of good governance has emerged and
become prominent in international aid circles
around 1989 and 1990.
When there is good governance, there is
sustainable development.

Elements of Good Governance

1. Accountability making public officials answerable
for government behavior and responsive to the entity
from which they derive authority.
2. Participation enhancing peoples access to and
influence on public policy process.
3. Predictability the existence of laws, regulations,
and policies to regulate society and the fair and
consistent application of these.
4. Transparency the availability of information to the
general public and clear government rules,
regulations, and decisions.