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ranunculaceae)
Aconitum napellus.
Aconitum napellus
Pharmacognostic features
Botanical origin
Plant family
Urdu name
English name
Chemical class
Part used
Aconitum napellus.
Ranunculaceae.
Zahreela poda.
Aconite.
Alkaloids.
Roots.
constituents :
Aconitine,hypaconitine,mesaconitine, jesaconitine.
Pharmacological
actions :
Dose:
60 mg of the root per dose.
Pure aconite 2mg or aconite plant 1g may
cause death.
Drug interactions of
aconite
Toxicity/over dose
The cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity of aconitine and related alkaloids
are due to their actions on the voltage-sensitive sodium channels of the
cell membranes of excitable tissues, including the myocardium, nerves,
and muscles.
Aconitine and mesaconitine bind with high affinity to the open state of
the voltage-sensitive sodium channels at site 2, thereby causing a
persistent activation of the sodium channels, which become refractory
to excitation.
The electrophysiological mechanism of arrhythmia induction is
triggered activity due to delayed after-depolarization and early afterdepolarization.
The arrhythmogenic properties of aconitine are in part due to its
cholinolytic (anticholinergic) effects mediated by the vagus nerve.
Aconitine has a positive inotropic effect by prolonging sodium influx
during the action potential. It has hypotensive and bradycardic actions
due to activation of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Clinical features/symptoms
Management
Side effects :
Cause tingling and numbness when applied topically.
Cause hypotension,hypokalemia,leukocytosis
hypothermia,hyperventilation,clonic convulsions.
Cause ventricular tachycardia,muscle
cramps,diarrhea,respiratory dipression,ataxia, blurred
vision,liver and kidney damage, nausea, vomiting, dizziness.
Refrences :
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19514874
(toxicity,clinical features,management).
http://herbsdatabase.blogspot.com/2012/07/aco
nitum-chasmanthum.html
(uses and pharmacognostic features).
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/nutrition
-research/learning-center/plant-profiler/aconitumnapellus.html
(chemical constituent and mechanism of action).
http://www.livingnaturally.com/ns/DisplayMonogra
ph.asp?
StoreID=E32FA6C399AB4C99897032581851D45
D&DocID=bottomline-aconite (interaction with
drugs and side effect and contraindications).