Optimal Design Of a SVC

Controller Using a Small

Population Based PSO

Submitted By
Nithya C.
1690910024
M.Tech (Power system)

Abstract

SVC is a shunt connected Flexible AC Transmission System

(FACTS) device.

The primary purpose of a SVC is voltage control.

PSO algorithm with a small population is used for the design

of an SVC Controller that can provide better voltage control.

SVC Controller parameters are determined for a two-area

power system subjected to small and large disturbances.

Introduction

FACTS devices are used for control and switching operations.

These controllers are fast and increase the stability operating

limits of the transmission systems when their controller are
properly tuned.

SVC is employed primarily for voltage stability by providing

appropriate reactive compensation.

The conventional control of the SVC is the proportional plus

integral type (PI ).

In conventional method best performance of SVC is obtained

tuning the parameters of the PI control.

Since the power systems are highly nonlinear systems ,with

configuration and parameters that change with time, the
conventional SVC design based on a linearized model of the
power system cannot guarantee its performance in a practical
operating environment.

Therefore it is important to determine the parameters of the

SVC and similar controllers using power system simulation
models and tools.

Why SPPSO?

The SPPSO is suitable for online implementation.

SPPSO based algorithm require less computations to determine

optimal parameters as compared to PSO.

Multi Machine Power System

Block Diagram of SVC Controller

The PI controller consists of gain constant, Kp, and integral

constant Ti.

These are the parameters that need to be optimally selected for

the SVC to ensure optimal system performance under a wide
range of operating conditions and disturbances.

SPPSO Algorithm

PSO is a form of evolutionary computation technique.

The system initially has a population of solutions. Each

solution is called as particle and is given a random velocity and
is flown through the problem space.

The particles have memory and each particle keeps track of

previous best position and corresponding fitness.

The SPPSO algorithm consists of

mainly two features.

The use of a small population of particles .

Regeneration concept where new particles are randomly

created every N iterations to replace all but the best particle in
the swarm.

Optimal Design Of a SVC Controller

The SVC aims at maintaining the voltage magnitude set point

at the point of common coupling by providing appropriate
reactive power compensation.

Moreover the objective of the optimization is for the voltage

control which means minimizing voltage deviations under
small and large disturbances

SPPSO is applied to determine PI parameters that results in the

least fitness value subject to the constraints in (3) for various
faults and disturbances.

SIMULATION RESULTS

The entire power system and SPPSO simulation is carried out

in the PSCAD/EMTDC/FORTRAN environment.

The multiple run feature in PSCAD is used to carry out a set

of SPPSO iterations.

Test 1

Step changes in the SVC PI controller voltage reference (Vref)

are applied to test the performances of the SPPSO optimized
and unoptimized PI controllers.

Vpcc response for a step change in

reference level of the PI controller of
SVC.

Reactive power response at SVC bus

Corresponding susceptance (B)

response of SVC

Test 2

A transmission line outage is carried out at 10 seconds between

buses 7 and 8 in and this outage is not restored immediately.

It can be seen that the SPPSO optimized the Vpcc response for
line outage.

Vpcc response for a step change in

reference level of the PI controller of
SVC.

Reactive power response at SVC bus

Corresponding susceptance (B)

response of SVC

CONCLUSION

The optimal design of a SVC controller is presented using a

small population based particle swarm optimization algorithm
(SPPSO).

The SPPSO algorithm is used to optimize the SVC PI

controller parameters. These parameters provide better voltage
stability than those parameters obtained by trial and error given
the same cost function as that of SPPSO

Thank You