Earthquake

PREPAREDNE
SS PLAN

What is an earthquake?

Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or

sudden shock of the earths surface.
They are the Earth's natural means of
releasing stress.

An earthquake is the result of a sudden release

of energy in the Earth's crust that creates
seismic waves

Earthquakes cannot be predicted,

although scientists are working on it.

Types of Earthquakes
Tectonic Earthquakes
is most common one. This happens while earth's crust
rocks break because of the geological strength created
by moving of the earth's plates.

Volcanic Tectonic Earthquakes

A volcano tectonic earthquake is an earthquake induced
by the movement (injection or withdrawal) of magma. The
movement results in pressure changes in the rock around
where the magma has experienced stress. At some point,
the rock may break or move.

Tectonic Earthquakes

Volcanic Tectonic Earthquakes

Why do earthquake
Happen?

Earthquakes are usually happen when

rock underground suddenly breaks
along a fault. This sudden release of
energy causes the seismic waves that
make the ground shake. When two
blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing
against each other, they stick a little.

Important terms to
know about
earthquakes

What is a Seismic Waves?

Seismic waves are the waves of

energy caused by the sudden breaking
of rock within the earth or an explosion.
They are the energy that travels through
the earth and is recorded on
seismographs.

What is a Tectonic Plates?

These are huge layers that make
up the earths upper layers.
Are pieces of Earth's Crust and
uppermost mantle

What is a fault?

A fault is an area of stress in the earth

where broken rocks slide past each other,
causing a crack in the Earth's surface.

There are 4 major types of faults which

are as follows: dip-slip normal, dip-slip
reverse, strike-slip, and oblique-slip.

4 Major Types of
Fault
Dip-Slip
Normal Fault

Dip Slip Normal faults form when the hanging wall drops
down. The forces that create normal faults are pulling the
sides apart, or extensional.

Dip-Slip Reverse Fault

Dip-Slip Reverse Faults form when the hanging

wall moves up. The forces creating reverse faults
are compressional, pushing the sides together.

Strike - Slip Fault

Transcurrent or Strike-slip faults have walls that

move sideways, not up or down.

Oblique - Slip Fault

The HYPOCENTER is the location

below the earths surface where the
earthquake starts.

The EPICENTER is the point on the

Earth's surface that is directly above the
hypocentre or focus, the point where an
earthquake or underground explosion
originates.

What is a
seismograph?

A seismograph is
an instrument
used for recording
the intensity and
duration of an
earthquake.

RICHTER SCALE
-A measurement of an earthquake's

intensity.
- The energy released by a large
earthquake may be equal to 10,000
times the energy of the first atomic
bomb.

Magnitude & Intensity

Magnitude is a measured value of the earthquake

size.TheMagnitudeisthesamenomatterwhereyou
are,orhowstrongorweaktheshakingwasinvarious
location
Intensity is a measure of the shaking created b the
earthquake,andthisvaluedoesvarywithlocation

Kinds of Shaking
1.Lateral
2.Vertical

What is AFTERSHOCKS?
Are likely to occur following a large
earthquake
Aftershocks are earthquakes that follow
the largest shock of an earthquake
sequence.

Why do we need to Conduct an

Earthquake Drill ?
Earthquake is a natural phenomenon and cannot be
prevented. It can strike quickly without warning.
Earthquake can damage lives and properties.
No available technology that give an
accurate earthquake prediction.

Why do we need to Conduct

an Earthquake Drill ?

To ensure the safety of everybody during and

after a damaging earthquake.

To help the building administrators and their

disaster action groups to design a specific
response plan for earthquakes.

So you know what to do and where to go.

Without drills you wouldn't have what you needed

to live and get out.

Earthquake
in the
Philippines

CEBU, Philippines ,

Magnitude of7.2

Negros Oriental ,Magnitude of6.7

Earthquake Safety Tips

BEFORE AN EARTHQUAKE:

Choose a safe place in every room such as under a sturdy

piece of furniture like a table or a desk where nothing can fall
on you.

Practice DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON!

- Drop under a strong table or other protection,

COVER your head with your hands or other
objec, HOLD the position until safe

Prepare

Earthquake Survival Kits

First Aid Kits

DURING AN EARTHQUAKE:

DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON!

Stay Calm.
When you are inside as structurally sound building or Home stay there

Stay away from glass windows, shelves,cabinet and other heavy objects

Beware of falling objects,Be alert and keep your eyes open

Stay indoors until the shaking stops.

Stay away from windows.

If youre in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow.

If youre outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings, trees and power
lines. Then, drop to the ground.

If youre in a car, slow down and drive to a safe place. Stay in the
car until the shaking stops.

Stay away from windows to avoid being injured by shattered glass.

stay indoors until the shaking stops and you are sure it is safe to exit. When it is, use
stairs rather than the elevator in case there are aftershocks, power outages or other
damage.

AFTER THE SHAKING STOPS:

Check for injuries.

Inspect your home for damage.

Eliminate fire hazards, so turn off the gas if you think its leaking.

Expect aftershocks.

Watch out for fallen power lines or broken gas lines and stay out of damaged
areas.

After an earthquake, the disaster may continue. Expect and prepare

for potential aftershocks, landslides or even a tsunami. Tsunamis are
often generated by earthquakes.

THANK YOU
THANK
YOUFOR
FOR
LISTENING!
LISTENING!
DONT FORGET TO
DONT
FORGET
TO
DROP, COVER AND
DROP,
COVERAND
HOLD-ON!

HOLD-ON!