Clutches

GO

Auto 3/4
Mr. Saunders

Who needs a clutch

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Not me!

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Big Daddy Don Garlits

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Clutches

Black book
Chapter 44

Lets read together starting on page

#

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Clutches

44-1 Purpose
of the Clutch

Someone read
please

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Purpose of the Clutch

Allows engine to be disengaged

from transmission for shifting
gears and coming to a stop
Allows smooth engagement of
engine to transmission

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NOT !

Clutches

44-2 Location of the Clutch

Someone read please

Rear wheel drive

Front engine
Rear engine
Mid engine

Front wheel drive

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10

Clutches

44-3 Construction of the

Clutch

Read along with me

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11

Clutches

44-3
Construction
of the Clutch

Coil spring pressure plate

(cover and pressure plate)
READ ON
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12

Clutches

Splines to input shaft

Of transmission

44-3
Construction
of the Clutch
Clutch Disk or
Friction Disk
READ ON
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13

Pilot Bushing or bearing

READ ON
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14

Clutches

Pressure plate & cover

bolt to flywheel

44-3
Construction
of the Clutch
Flywheel bolts
to crankshaft

When
If
there
unbolting
is a chance
pressure
you will
plate
be reusing
from the
pressure plate,
flywheel,
remove
make
bolts
alignment
evenly asmarks
not to
to flywheel
bend
the cover.
to maintain
REMEMBER,
proper
this
balance
is
BEFORE
under
high
removal
spring pressure.

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15

Flywheels

Add weight to crank for non-power strokes

Has ring-gear for cranking engine (usually
replaceable)

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16

Flywheels
Hot spots

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17

Flex plates

Ring gear for automatic transmissions

Light weight, bolts crank to torque
converter

Sometimes too
light weight

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18

Clutches

44-4 Operation of
the Clutch
Someone read please

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19

Clutches

Pilot bushing or bearing in center

of flywheel or crankshaft, supports
the end of input shaft

(friction disk) splined to transmissio

Input shaft

(throw-out bearing
T/O bearing) allows
to push on rotating
clutch fingers
Bolted to Crank
Bolted to flywheel - Applies
the spring force to clamp the
friction disk to the flywheel

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(clutch fork) pushes

T/O bearing to release
rotating clutch 20

Pressure Plate
Releases friction disk
from flywheel

Moves pressure
Plate right
T/O bearing

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Pivots

21

Clutch terms

Clutch disengaged

Clutch pedal is in or down

Clutch engaged

Clutch pedal is out or up

What would it mean if someone said the clutch p

Is engaged?
Make sure you know if you are talking abou
the clutch or the clutch pedal !!!
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22

Throw out Bearing

(release

bearing)

Slides on transmission input shaft

bearing retainer

READ ON
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23

Clutches

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READ ON

24

Throw out bearings

Most need clearance between fingers of

pressure plate so it isnt spinning all the
time (free play)
Riding the clutch (foot resting on pedal)

Pushes T/O bearing into pressure plate fingers

Causes it spin constantly

Wearing it out too soon

Releases some of clutch spring pressure

Causing clutch to slip

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25

Slipping clutch ?

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26

Free play

Clearance between T/O bearing and

clutch fingers
Measured at clutch pedal

Usually 1 inches of free movement

Goes away as clutch disk wears

thinner
Some manufactures use T/O bearings
that always ride on the clutch fingers

Usually self adjusting

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READ ON
27

www.howstuffworks.com
web site

In the search, type in Clutch

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28

44-5 Clutch Linkage

Someone read please

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44-5 Clutch Linkage

Can be very
complicated

Have the right amount

of movement and
direction without too
much pedal pressure
Wear
Motor mounts
Spring to pull T/O
bearing away
Has to be lubricated
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30

Over-center spring

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Helps pull up on
clutch pedal

Helps pull down

on clutch pedal

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31

Clutch fork

What would
cause this?

T/O bearing
hooks here

Fulcrum point
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32

Skip to 44-10 Hydraulic

clutch

Some one read please

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33

Hydraulic clutch

Uses master cylinder and slave

cylinder
Uses brake fluid
Must be bleed

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34

Hydraulic clutch
No complicated
linkage
Can easily
control
mechanical
advantage with
piston sizes
Self lubricating
No motor mount
Service just like you would hydraulic
problems
brakes

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35

Slave cylinder
Some are adjustable
for free-play and
some not

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36

Fords slave cylinders

Some are part of T/O

bearing

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Cant change without pulling

tranny (inside bellhousing)

Can be a royal pain to bleed

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37

Cable clutch

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No complicated
linkage
Flexibility
No motor mount
problems

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38

Linkage/Cable/Hydraulic
controls

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39

Back to 44-6 Friction disks

Someone read please

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40

Friction disks

Often made of
asbestos
Must be put in
only one way

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Usually
marked
Clutch wont
release if
wrong
41

Friction disks

Cushion springs

Waved metal between clutch half's

Dampen clutch engagement

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42

Friction disks

Torsional springs

Can be spring or rubber

Dampen power impulses from
crankshaft

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43

Torsional Springs
Has pins to limit amount of twist.
Springs try to keep it centered between pins.

Springs sometimes get weak and start rattling or fall out

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44

Clutch disks
Friction material isnt very thick.
Minimum thickness around .012

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45

Clutch disks
Does side
stepping
the
clutch at
6000
RPM
count?

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Well, uhh..
Dad, I only got
on it a little bit

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46

44-7 Types of Clutches

Someone read please

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47

Types of Clutches

(pressure

plates)

Coil spring

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9 spring
12 spring

3 fingers for
T/O bearing to
push on

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48

44-8 Diaphragm-Spring
Clutches

Someone read please

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49

Diaphragm-Spring Clutches

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44-9 Centrifugal Clutch

Someone read please

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51

Centrifugal Clutch

The faster the RPM, the harder the

clutch disk is squeezed

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52

Centrifugal Clutch

T/O bearing

Pressure plate

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Centrifugal Clutch

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54

44-11 Clutch safety switch

Someone read please

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55

Clutch Safety Switch

Prevents from cranking with clutch

engaged
Some standard transmissions
wont let you take the key out and
lock the steering column with out
the transmission in reverse

Prevents steering lock while moving

forward

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56

Think

Do you know the names of the

clutch parts and what they do?
How would motor mounts affect
the clutch?
What pulls the clutch linkage back?
What would happen if free-play is
incorrect?
How would crankshaft end-play
affect the clutch?
What if the pilot bushing was worn,
or seized up?
What happens to free-play with
disk wear?

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57

CDX Review

Disk 15 Clutches

Clutch Components
Principals of a clutch
Single plate clutches
Multi-plate clutches
Operating mechanisms

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58

CDX Review

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59

Look at the chart on page

462 and 463

Clutch trouble diagnosis chart

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60

Need to Know

What would cause and not cause:

Clutch slippage
Clutch chatter
Hard shifting
Clutch noises
Clutch pedal pulsations
Clutch application problems

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62

Checking Flywheel for

Run-out

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63

Checking pressure plate

for warpage

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64

Clutch Disk Replacement

Very wise to:

Have flywheel surfaced (even with no

run-out or hot spots)

Replace pilot bushing or bearing

Replace T/O bearing
Replace pressure plate (cover, plate
springs)

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65

Clutch Disk Replacement

Very wise to inspect & replace as

necessary:

Clutch fork & pivot

Input shaft bearing retainer on
transmission (where T/O bearing slides)
Linkage, cable or hydraulic components
Motor mounts
Flywheel ring gear

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66

Installing new clutch

Drive in pilot bushing or bearing

with bushing driver

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Installing new clutch

Loctite and torque flywheel to

specifications on a clean
crankshaft hub

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Installing new clutch

You must use clutch alignment tool

(pilot shaft) when bolting up
pressure plate

Torque and Loctite pressure plate to

specifications
Use a crossing pattern to pull
pressure plate down evenly

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Universal clutch alignment

tool

Select end that fits tight in pilot

bushing or bearing

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Universal clutch alignment

tool

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Universal clutch alignment

tool

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Clutch Alignment tools

(pilot

shaft)

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Alignment studs

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Cut off bolts

screwed into
engine block
Prevents from
bending clutch
disk when
installing
transmission

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74

Adjust clutch

Shorten or lengthen linkage or

cable to reach proper free-play
Jam nut
Adjusting nut

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We will do standard
transmissions after
Christmas

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Clutch questions?

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