FINAL PROJECT

Research and statistics for managerial decision making

Lekha Gupta (0173160)

Devika Anand (0172984)

INTRODUCTION
We have done statistical research on our research questionnaire as how
much amount of sleep do people get per day on an average. We collected
data for 60 people by doing primary research in our school which includes
30 males and 30 females. In this project, we have showed two categorical
variables on the basis of gender and various statistical methods which
includes eminent data and information like, frequency distribution table,
bar graph chart, mean, median, mode, standard deviation for each
categorical variable has been calculated using MS Excel. These calculations
have helped us to interpret between males and females. We have also plot
boxplot in our study to compare between two categorical data and shows
the skewness between two. Following is the research questionnaire which
we conducted in our class and the data was collected.

RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Gender Categorical variables
Female
Male
2. How many hours do you get to sleep every night on an average?

1
2
3
4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12

DATA COLLECTED
Data collected for Males
6 , 9 , 9 , 6, 5 , 7 , 8, 7, 6, 8, 9, 4, 6, 7, 6, 6, 7, 9, 10, 6, 8, 8, 9, 6, 8, 6, 7, 5,
8, 5
Data collected for Females
5 , 8 , 4 , 7, 8 , 7, 9, 5, 6, 8, 6, 7, 4, 6, 7, 9, 9, 10 , 6, 5, 7, 7, 9, 8, 6, 8, 7, 7,
9, 6

RELATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONMALES

Cumulative Relative
Class

Frequency

Cumulative Frequency

Relative Frequency
freq.

3 up to 4

0%

0%

4 up to 5

3%

3%

5 up to 6

10%

13%

6 up to 7

13

30%

43%

7 up to 8

18

17%

60%

8 up to 9

24

20%

80%

9 up to 10

29

17%

97%

10 up to 11

30

3%

100%

Total

30

100%

The highest Relative frequency in Males is 30% with 43% of Cumulative Relative Frequency, which comes under the class of 6 up to 7.
The lowest Relative frequency comes under the class of 3 up to 4, that is 0% with 0% of Cumulative Relative Frequency.

RELATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONFEMALES

Class

Frequency

Cumulative
Frequency

Relative
Frequency

Cumulative
Relative freq.

3 up to 4

0%

0%

4 up to 5

0%

0%

5 up to 6

17%

17%

6 up to 7

11

20%

37%

7 up to 8

19

27%

63%

8 up to 9

24

17%

80%

9 up to 10

29

17%

97%

10 up to 11

30

3%

100%

Total

30

100%

The highest relative frequency is 27% with 63% of Cumulative Relative Frequency and that comes under the class of 7 up to 8
The lowest Relative Frequency in Females is o% with 0% of Cumulative Relative Frequency and that comes under two classes that is 3 up to 4and 4 up to 5

BAR GRAPH REPRESENTING SLEEP HOURS

Average sleep hours for females per day
30%

Average amount of sleep for males

27%

25%

20%

20%

17%

17% 17%

15%
percentage of people

Percentage of males

10%
3%

5%
0%

0%

35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%

30%

17%
0%

20%

17%

10%
3%

3%

0%
amount of sleep

Amount of sleep

Maximum percentage of females that is 27% gets sleep

of 7 upto 8 hours in a day.

Maximum percentage of males that is 30% gets sleep of

6 upto 7 hours a day.

MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE, STANDARD

DEVIATION
Males

Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard
Deviation
Sample
Variance

Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count
Largest(1)
Confidence
Level(95.0%)

Females
7.03333333
3
0.27326604
2
7
6
1.49673975
2
2.24022988
5
0.77032081
8
0.07164537
4
6
4
10
211
30
10

0.558892

Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard
Deviation
Sample
Variance

Kurtosis

Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count
Largest(1)
Confidence
Level(95.0%)

7
0.28365431
4
7
7
1.55363866
6
2.41379310
3
0.55613864
6
0.11822148
4
6
4
10
210
30
10

0.53650650
4

Standard deviation:
Here the Standard deviation in Males is 1.49 and in Females is 1.55 ,
Hence there is not much deviation for a group as a whole..
Here the Median, Range, Minimum Value, Maximum Value,
The Largest Value and the Smallest value in both Males and Females
are the same
We have slightest difference in Mean, Standard Deviation, Mode
in both tables.

FIVE NUMBER SUMMARY-MALES

Five-Number Summary
Minimum

4.00

First quartile

6.00

Median

7.00

Third quartile

8.00

Maximum

Average time of sleep for males per night

2

10.00

0
3

10

11

FIVE NUMBER SUMMARYFEMALES

Average time of sleep for females per night

Five-Number Summary
Minimum

5.00

First quartile

6.00

Median

7.00

Third quartile

8.00

Maximum

10.00

10

11

COMPARISON OF 5 NUMBER
SUMMARY OF EACH
DISTRIBUTION

As we can see from the boxplot for males, it is normally distributed and for females
it is right tailed with the skewness of 0.11.
The maximum value for each distribution is same as 10 hours.
The minimum value for males is 4 and for females is 5.
Median is same for both as 7.
1st and 3rd quartile values are same for each distribution i.e. 6 and 8.

CONFIDENCE LEVEL FOR MALES

& FEMALES
As the mean value for males lies between the confidence level, the mean
is not significantly zero. And same goes for females.
Confidence Estimate for the Mean- Males

Data
Population Standard Deviation
Sample Mean
Sample Size
Confidence Level

Confidence Estimate for the Mean-females

Data
1.49
7.03
30
95%

Population Standard Deviation

Sample Mean
Sample Size
Confidence Level

1.55
7
30
95%

Intermediate Calculations
Standard Error of the Mean
0.272036
Z Value
-1.9600
Interval Half Width
0.5332

Intermediate Calculations
Standard Error of the Mean
0.28299
Z Value
-1.9600
Interval Half Width
0.5547

Confidence Interval
Interval Lower Limit
Interval Upper Limit

Confidence Interval
Interval Lower Limit
Interval Upper Limit

6.4968
7.5632

6.4453
7.5547