Disaster Management System in

Bangladesh
Mohammad Abdul Qayyum
(Additional Secretary)
National Project Director
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP Phase II)
Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Disaster
Context

Location of
Bangladesh

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Bangladesh rivers receive runoff from a catchment

of 1.72 million sq-km, around 12 times its land area
Brahmaputra Basin
552,000 sq-km

CHINA

INDIA
Ganges Basin
1,087,000 sq-km

BHUTAN

INDIA

BANGLADESH
Meghna Basin
82,000 sqkm
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

B AY O F B E N G AL

Flood

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

River Erosion

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Drought

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Cyclone
Proportion of coastal
sub-district affected by
severe cyclones

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Salinity

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

cm
cm /yr
/y
r

Earthquake Fault

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Plate And Fault

EURASIA

In and around
Bangladesh

PLATE

Himalaya Arc

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

PLATE

Burma Arc

INDIAN

Active Subduction
Zone

Dauki Fault

BURMA
PLATE

EQ HISTORY OF THE REGION

2015

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Seismic Zoning Map of

Bangladesh

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Population

158.6 million people most

densely populated country in
the world
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Unplanned Urbanization

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Agriculture: Sensitive to Climate

Change

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Centralized Administration

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Poverty
reduced from 40% in 2005 to 24.7% in 2014

still it remains a big challenge

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Inequality

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Changing Pattern of Disaster

Conventional
Cyclone
Flood
Famine
Disease
Emerging
Climate change
Salinity
Drought
River Bank Erosion
Urban Disasters
Lightening

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

/Strengths
Community Resilience
Social Safety Net ( wider programme )
Food Production ( production has been increased 3 times since

1970s)
Girls Education( almost 100% enrolled in primary education )
Women Employment
Reduction of disaster risks
Economic Growth ( GDP has been average 6% for the last
decade )
Sanitation Coverage
Life expectancy ( 71 years in 2014 from 49 years during 80s )
MDGs Five out of the eight MDGs has been achieved
Volunteerism
Social cohesiveness
Political commitment
Legal and Institutional Framework
Committee System
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

(a) Occurrence
60
50
40
30
Occurance
20
10
0
1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

Year

Occurrence: Increases
1970-1975: 2-3 events/Year
2010- 2014: 8-10 events/Year

Death: Decreases
In 2010 death reduces
1/100th from that of 1970s.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

22

32.Wave action
33. HAZMAT
34. Radiation

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Hazards and Risk Profile of

Bangladesh
Hazard

Floo Flash Drou

d Floo ght
d

Cyclone, Earthqu
tidal ake
surge,
salinity

Vulnerab
61
23
Total Population = 142.3 Millions
le land
area
Vulnerab
71
24
le Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Comprehensive
populati

46

32

70%

46

27

80%

Total land area = 147,570 km2

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Drivers of Disaster
Complex Geo-physical location ( Flood , Flash Flood, Erosion

)
A shallow northern Bay of Bengal and funneling to the vast
coastal area of Bangladesh ( Cyclone, Salinity)
Level of governance ( Building collapse, road & river traffic
accident )
Rapid & Unplanned Urbanization ( Urban disasters)
Climate Change increases disaster risk ( All sectors)
Huge Population with higher poverty located in vulnerable
location ( Increased affected people)
Earthquake risk ( active faults, weak infrastructure)
Lack of risk knowledge

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Drivers
of
DM
National Drivers
DM Act 2012
SOD
NPDM ( 2005-2015)
DM Policy ( Drafted )
BCCAP ( 2009)
Five-Year Development Planning contains DRR and CCA Section
Perspective Plan ( Vision 2021)
DRR & CCA inclusive DPP ( Planning Commission waiting for ECNEC
Decision )
Sectoral Policy inclusion of DRR & CCA (DAE, Environment , Women Affairs
etc)

International Drivers

HFA ( 2005-2015)/ Post -2015 ( Sendai Framework on DRR)

UNFCC
MDG/Post -2015 ( SDG)
SAARC Framework

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

DM Model for Bangladesh

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

European
Union
Bangladesh

M REGULATORY/LEGAL FRAMEWO

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
National Disaster
Management Council
Inter Ministerial
Disaster Management
Coordination
Committee (IMDMCC)

National Disaster
Management Advisory
Council (NDMAC)

Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief

Cyclone Preparedness
Programme
Implementation Board

Department of Disaster
Management
District Disaster
Management Committee
Municipal Disaster
Management Committee

City Corporation
Disaster Management
Committee

Zone / Upazila
Union

Upazila Disaster Management Committee

Union Disaster Management Committee

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Village

29

DMCs at National Level under SOD

National Disaster Management Council (NDMC)

Inter-Ministerial Disaster Management Co-ordination Committee (IMDMCC)
National Disaster Management Advisory Committee (NDMAC)
Earthquake Preparedness and Awareness Committee (EPAC)
National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (NPDRR)
National Disaster Response Coordination Group (NDRCG)
Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP) Policy Committee
CPP Implementation Board (CPPIB)
Committee for Focal Points Operational Coordination Group
Coordination Committee of NGOs Relating to Disaster Management
Disaster Mangt Training & Public Awareness Building Task Force
(DMTATF)

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

DMCs at Local Level under

SOD
City Corporation Disaster Management Committee (CCDMC)
Headed by the Mayor of City Corporations to co-ordinate, review and
implement the DM activities within its area of jurisdiction.
District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC)
Chaired by the Deputy Commissioner (DC) to co-ordinate and review the
disaster management activities at district level.
Upazila Disaster Management Committee (UZDMC)
Chaired by the Upazila Chairman to co-ordinate and review the DM
activities at the Upazila level.
Pourashava Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) headed by
Chaired by the Mayor of the Pourashava to co-ordinate, review and
implement the DM activities within its area of jurisdiction.
Union Disaster Management Committee (UDMC) headed by the
Chaired by the Chairman of the Union Parishad to co-ordinate, review &
implement the DM activities of the concerned union.
Local Disaster Response Coordination Group (LDRCG)
Headed by the Mayor of City Corporations, DC, Upazila Chairman,
Pourashava Chairman within their respective charges and jurisdiction.
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

I. Incorporating DRR in Dev. Planning

MAINSTREAMING
DRR&CCA THE STRATEGIES
System
At the planning commission( DRR & CCA inclusive
DPP)
At the department planning cell
At the local development planning cycles

II. Inputs to the policies, plans and programmes

DM Act( 2012)
National DM and sectoral Policies
Technical Guidelines( mainstreaming guideline )
III. Implement with Line Ministries/Departments
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Challenges of Disaster
Management
- Mainstreaming of DM & CCA
- Institutional capacity
- Assessment of risks
- Risk reduction
- Poverty reduction
- Coordination
- Participation
- Financing at local level
- Capacity building
- Private sector response
- Development policy
- Centralized vs decentralized decision making
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief, Government of Bangladesh

Photo: Otin Dewan/CDMP

Thank
you