Infrastructure

Smart City
Iwa Garniwa
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SMART CITY

Why Smart City ?

Smart City Definition

Sustainable Vs Smart

Other city concept

Actions Field

Smart City Area

Smart City Project

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Pillar of Smart City

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SMART GRID

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Some Smart Grid

Definitions

an automated, widely distributed energy

delivery network characterized by a twoway flow of electricity and information,
capable of monitoring and responding to
changes in everything from power plants to
customer preferences to individual
appliances.
a smart grid is the electricity delivery
system (from point of generation to point of
consumption) integrated with
communications and information
technology
A smart grid uses
information and communications technology to
gather and act on information of the suppliers
and consumers, in an automated fashion to
Slide 18
improve the efficiency, reliability, economics,
and

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What is Smart Grid?

A Smart Grid uses technology to connect electric
distribution facilities so that the entire system can be
operated and managed more intelligently.

R.W. Beck Inc.

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What is a Smart Grid?

Smart Grid: The Energy Internet

2-way flow of electricity and

information

Enabled by ICT Infrastructure

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Smart Grid
Uses information technologies to improve
how electricity travels from power plants to
consumers
Allows consumers to interact with the grid
Integrates new and improved technologies
into the operation of the grid

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Advanced Components and Subsystems

These power system devices apply

the latest research in materials,
superconductivity, energy storage,
power electronics, and
microelectronics
Produce higher power densities,
greater reliability and power quality,
enhanced electrical
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Advanced Components and Subsystems

Advanced
Energy Storage
New Battery
Technologies
Sodium Sulfur
(NaS)

Plug-in Hybrid
Electric Vehicle
(PHEV)
Grid-toVehicle(G2V)
and Vehicle-toGrid(V2G)

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Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V)

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How Will Smart Grid Help Environment

Improve electrical power generation and distribution
system
Integration of electric infrastructure and ICT infrastructure
More efficient and better management of power infrastructure

Increase use of renewable energy sources

Alternate energy sources Wind, solar generation, power storage
Integration of distributed energy sources into power infrastructure
Wind and solar generation by nature is variable
Matching or supply and demand to reduce traditional bulk generation

Better management of energy usage

Use of smart meters and Demand Response systems to reduce and
balance energy usage
Enable use of plug-in electrical vehicles more friendly to
environment, also as energy storage

May 30, 2012

ITU Symposium-ICT, Environment,

Climate

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What Will the Smart Grid Look Like?

Dynamic pricing
High use of variable
renewables

May 30, 2012

Energy management systems

Distributed generation
and microgrids
Distribute
d storage
Electric
Bidirectiona
vehicles
l metering

Smart
Smart
meters
Ubiquitous
appliances
and
real
time
networked
ITU Symposium-ICT, Environment,usage data
sensors
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Climate

Standard is the Key

Information is the foundation

Better management of power infrastructure requires

accurate, real-time or near real-time data.
Capacity management, and energy market trading
need data for projection and prediction of demand and
supply
Common data format and semantic for interoperability

Communications is the glue

Reliable network for meter and sensor data, control

and command
Standards for device communications, networking and
management of smart grid networks

NIST established Smart Grid Interoperability Panel

(SGIP) to determine the need for standards and to
coordinate standardization activities
May 30, 2012

ITU Symposium-ICT, Environment,

Climate

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Smart Grid Standardization

Wide Area Situational Awareness

Cyber Security
Network Communications

V2G
AMI

Distribution Grid Management

May 30, 2012

Electric Storage

ITU Symposium-ICT, Environment,

Climate

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DR and
Consumer
Data

Smart Grid Attributes

Information-based
Communicating
Secure
Self-healing
Reliable
Flexible
Cost-effective
Dynamically controllable

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Diverse Energy Sources

Fossil

Wind

Solar

Nuclear

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http://powerelectronics.com/power_systems/smart-grid-success-rely-system-solutions
-20091001/

Grid Modernization
Todays
Electricity

Tomorrows
Choices
e-

Power park

Fuel Cell
Wind
Farms

Hydrogen
Storage

Remote
Industrial Loads
DG

Rooftop Fuel
ePhotovoltaic Cell
s

SMES

Smart
Substation
Load as a
resource

Combined Heat
and Power

Interoperability Smart Grid

Concepts
SystemsApproach
BulkPower

Substations

Interconnection&
Interfaces
TechnicalStandards
AdvancedTechnologies
SystemsIntegration

senso
(Also,largerDERrs Distribution
System
ontransmission)

TransmissionSystem

senso
senso
rs
CommunicationsandInformationTechnology

rs
InformationFlow,DataManagement,
Monitor&Control

LoadManagement
Combined
Heat
&Power

DER
Interconnection

sensors
September 2009

Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance

EV

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Many different technologies will

be deployed to create a smart
grid

Smart
Meters

Distributed
Generation

In-Home
Devices

Electric
Vehicles

Dynamic
Rates

Transmission

Distribution
Automation

Generation

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Customers can leverage technology

and play a more active role in a
smart grid
CV currently
controls 18,600
water heaters

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Advanced Sensing and

Measurement

Health Monitor:
Phasor
measurement
unit (PMU)

Measure the
electrical waves
and determine
the health of the
system.
Increase the
reliability by
detecting faults
early, allowing
for isolation of
operative
system, and the
prevention of

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Advanced Sensing and

Measurement
Distributed weather
sensing
Widely distributed solar
irradiance, wind speed,
temperature
measurement systems
to improve the
predictability of
renewable energy.
The grid control systems
can dynamically adjust
the source of power
supply.

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Experiments for Noise and

Interference

They measured the noise level in dbm (the

larger the worse)
The outdoor background noise level is -105dbm
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V2G: Wind With Storage

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Control Methods and

Topologies
Traditional power system problems:
Centralized
No local supervisory control unit
No fault isolation
Relied entirely on electricity from the
grid

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IDAPS: Intelligent Distributed

Autonomous Power Systems
Distributed
Loosely connected APSs
Autonomous

Can perform automatic control without human

intervention, such as fault isolation

Intelligent

Demand-side management
Securing critical loads

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APS: Autonomous Power

System
A localized group of electricity sources and
loads
Locally utilizing natural gas or renewable
energy
Reducing the waste during transmission
Using Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

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Multi-Agent Control System

IDAPS management agent

Monitor the health of the system and perform

fault isolation
Intelligent control

DG agent

Monitor and control the DG power

Provide information, such as availability and
prices

User agent

Provide the interface for the end users

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IDAPS Agent Technology

IDAPS Agent Technology

Securing
critical loads

IDAPS Agent Technology

Demandside
managemen
t

Electricity Market
Trading Agents for the Smart Electricity Grid,
AAMAS 2010.

Current practice: Fixed market

Few producers, less competition
Regulated by government

The future : Free market

Many producers (wind, solar, )
Less regulation
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Goal

Setup a Electricity market

Self interested (producer, buyer, grid

owner)
Free (no central regulation)
Efficient (no overload, no shortage)
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Design
Trading Mechanism
Buy/sell electricity

Overload Prevention Mechanism

Transmission charge

Online Balancing Mechanism

Price for extra demand and supply in
real-time
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Stock Market
Buy orders

Sell orders

Market order : buy or sell at market

price
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Thank you.
Questions,
Comments, ?

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