SEMINAR ON CONSTRUCTION

EQUIPMENTS
VIBRATORS
FLOATS, PUMPS
ROLLERS
PRESENTED
BY:
TOOLS

POWER
ELECTRIC HAND

ANKIT KAMBOJ
NUPUR SINGH
PRERANA

SINGH
SHRUTI GUPTA
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION HANDBOOK
ROGER GREENO
ROY
CHUDLEY
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT, MAINTENANCE AND HANDLING

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

COMPACTION

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

EXTERNAL VIBRATION

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

VIBRATORS
VIBRATORS

NEEDLE/
PIN/ POKER
VIBRATORS
PENDULU
M
PNEUMATI VIBRATOR
S
C
VIBRATOR
S

PLATE/
SURFACE
VIBRATO
RS

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

TROWELLING

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

POWER FLOATS/ POWER TROWELS

A power float is a hand operated electric motor or
petrol engine, surmounted over a mechanical surface
skimmer. Machines are provided with an
interchangeable revolving disc and a set of blades.
These are used in combination to produce a smooth,
dense and level surface finish to insitu concrete beds.
Basically power floats are used for vacuum dewatered
flooring (industrial floors, basement parking etc.)
ADVANTAGES:
Eliminates time and
materials needed to
apply a finishing
screed.
A quicker process and
less labour-intensive
than hand trowelling.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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APPLICATIONS:
After transverse tamping, the concrete is left to partially set for a few hours.
Amount of setting time will depend on a number of variables including
air temperature and humidity, mix specification and machine weight.
As a rough guide, walking on the concrete will leave indentations of about 34mm. A surfacing disc is initially to remove high tamping lines, before
two passes with blades to finish and polish the surface.

DRIVE ON

WALK
ALONG

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CHARACTERISTICS
A remote controlled power float apparatus
comprises a horizontally oriented platform
supported on a pair of spaced apart,
rotationally mounted, floats.
The floats each provide a downwardly
directed flat surface for moving in contact
with, and thereby smoothing, a nonhardened concrete surface.
Mounted on the platform is a fan,
rotationally adapted for directing a
horizontal thrust vector in a variably
selectable direction for moving and
steering the apparatus over the concrete
surface.
The floats are adapted for being tilted
thereby enabling a variable contact area
between the floats and the concrete
surface.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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ROLLERS
Roller is an important engineering vehicle that is considered
necessary for the roads and highway constructions and is used
for the compaction of dirt, gravel, concrete, and asphalt.
Rollers-Rollers constitute the heavy earth moving and compaction
machinery. These are used in large scale constructions. Main
characteristics of a roller are:
a) load per unit area of length
b) materials and nature of ground for which suitable
c) layer thickness
d) type of compaction required like rolling, kneading or vibration
e) power on which driven like steam, diesel or manual
f) wheel pattern (3 wheel, tandem or single roller)
In landfill compaction too, road roller has great utility.
The size vary according to the usage. Its size vary from simple drum
with a handle, to a size of many tonnes.
Applications
The major utility of rollers lies in the following areas:
1. Compaction of roads.
2. Compaction of runways in airports.
3. It is also used in the compaction of car parking areas, pavements
etc
4. It also has utility in the landfill compaction.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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SMOOTH DRUM VIBRATORY SOIL

COMPACTOR

They consist of single or multiple steel drum arranged

in twin or tandem that are hollow from inside.
The designated weight is between 6 to 12 tons, means
the minimum weight being 6 tons but can be increased up
to 12 tons by filling the hollow drum with ballast (water or
sand).
The weight per unit width of roller gives the intensity of
compaction like 55 kg/cm.
These are adopted for compacting cohesive soils like
clays.
When rolling is done, the surface of the ground forms into
a crust and may thus prevent effective compaction of
lower levels.
Thus shallow layer compaction of 10 cm to 15 cm may be
effective. Also they may be adopted for compacting sand,
gravel and crushed stones as in bases and sub-bases of
roads.
Available in single & dual drum models
Generate three compactive forces impact, vibration &
pressure
These rollers are most effective on granular materials,
with particles size ranging from large rocks to fine sand.
Frequency is around 4000 vpm and amplitudes range from
.018 to .020. Vibration is provided by eccentric shafts
placed in the drums or mounted on the frame.
They can be used on a semi cohesive soil with up to about
10% of material having a PI of five or greater.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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PADDED DRUM VIBRATORY SOIL

COMPACTOR

Padded rollers are also known as trench rollers due to

their effective use in trenches and excavations.
Trench rollers are those rollers that are efficiently
utilized for the compaction of roads, sub bases for
foundations, parking lots etc.
Large eccentric units provide high impact force and
high amplitude (for rollers) that are appropriate for
cohesive soils.
The drum pads provide a kneading action on soil.
The drum of the roller some time extend beyond the
body.
Trench rollers operates through dual joystick control
box, the engine Control Module (ECM) with
diagnostic LEDs which monitors all the engine
functions, removable fuel and hydraulic tanks along
with hydraulic connectors located on one side of the
unit which provides for easy accessibility and
improved overall serviceability.
Trench rollers are available in variety of roller
diameters and widths, which in turn accommodates
trench width and machine size variations.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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SHEEPSFOOT ROLLER

These rollers are usually found as towed drum

models and is suitable for compacting all fine
grained materials but is generally not
suitable for use on non cohesive granular
materials.
They are steel wheels equipped with cylindrical
pads (or feet) normally less than 10 in in
length.
The pads on sheepsfoot drum penetrate
through the top lift and actually compact the
below lift.
When the drum rotates the pads out of the soil
they kick up or fluff the material because of
their shape.
The working speed is 4 to 6 mph and usually 6
to 10 passes are needed to compact an 8 in lift.
The sheepsfoot roller tends to aerate the soil as
it compacts, so it is ideally suited for working
soils that have moisture contents above the
acceptable moisture range.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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GRID ROLLER (MESH)

It operates in a manner similar to sheepsfoot roller but its
kneading element is a grid or mesh not feet as in
sheepsfoot roller.
When equipped with the extra weight, such as slabs of
concrete, this grid can exert tremendous pressure on soil,
crushing rocks and pushing the broken pieces beneath the
surface.

TAMPING ROLLERS
Tamping foot compactors are high-speed, selfpropelled, non-vibratory rollers.
These rollers usually have 4 steel padded
wheels and can be equipped with a small blade
to help level of lift.
The pads are tapered with an oval or
rectangular face. The pad face is smaller than
the base of the pad at the drum.
As the tamping roller moves over the surface,
the feet penetrate the soil to produce a
kneading action and a pressure to mix and
compact the soil from bottom to the top of the
layer.
The working speed is 8-12 mph and usually 2
to 3 passes will be needed to compact 8-12 in

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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STEEL DRUM COMPACTOR

The steel drum compactor is a smooth-wheeled

steel roller that is typically water ballasted.
It may be towed or self-propelled and one, two and
three axle types are common. Its frequently
classified by weight for eg, the two-axle tandem
roller (5-8 tons), three-axle tandem roller (9-14
tons), etc.
The two-axle roller is suitable for compacting
either diagonally across or lengthwise along the
surfaces.
The three axle roller should only be used
lengthwise. Thus, two-axle roller is generally used
more than three-axle roller which is used chiefly
on large highway projects, runways and similar
projects.
Steel drum compactors are most effective on
granular materials such as sand, gravel and
crushed stone.
Steel drum compactors see much use on streets,
highways, runways, parking lots and similar jobs.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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WATER/LIQUID PUMPS

Water pumps are basically used for pumping to great heights that is to
be used for curing concrete and also for making hand mixed concrete.
These are normal water pumping machines. The installation setup is
based on the section of the supply pipe and the head.

MULTI PURPOSE PUMPSSpecially designed for

transferring chemicals and
other liquids. Featuring a
5.5HP Overhead Valve
engine, 2" suction and
discharge ports, spring
mounting feet, Oil Alert and
a capacity of 220 gallons per
minute.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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TRASH PUMPSTrash Pumps are capable of pumping liquids with

up to 1 1/8" diameter of solid material. Trash
pumps are ideal for pumping water containing
some solids and other foreign material.
5.5HP Overhead Valve engine, full frame, 2"
suction and discharge ports, 164 gallons per
minute discharge capacity, and Oil Alert. Pumps
solids up to 1" in diameter.
BOOSTER PUMPSAfter a height of 30m, a
booster pump is placed
to boost the pressure
that subsides with the
increase in head.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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ELECTRIC HAND TOOLS

There is a gamut of electric hand tools available in the market.
GRINDER
CUTTER
PLANER
DRILL
CHAIN SAW

GRINDER - A grinding machine is a machine tool used for

producing very fine finishes or making very light cuts, using
an abrasive wheel as the cutting device. This wheel can be
made up of various sizes and types of stones, diamonds or of
inorganic materials. For machines used to reduce particle size
in materials processing see grinding.

Powerful 580W motor

No-load speed: 11000r/min

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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The grinding machine consists of a power driven grinding wheel

spinning at the required speed (which is determined by the
wheels diameter and manufacturers rating, usually by a formula)
and a bed with a fixture to guide and hold the work-piece.
The grinding head can be controlled to travel across a fixed work
piece or the work piece can be moved whilst the grind head stays
in a fixed position.
Grinding machines remove material from the work piece by
abrasion, which can generate substantial amounts of heat; they
therefore incorporate a coolant to cool the work piece so that it
does not overheat and go outside its tolerance. The coolant also
benefits the machinist as the heat generated may cause burns in
some cases.
In very high-precision grinding machines (most cylindrical and
surface grinders) the final grinding stages are usually set up so
that they remove about 2/10000mm (less than 1/100000 in) per
pass - this generates so little heat that even with no coolant, the
temperature rise is negligible.

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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CUTTERS

Ceramic tile cutters are used to cut tiles to a required size or shape. They
come in a number of different forms, from basic manual devices to complex
attachments for power tools.
Mass produced ceramic tiles of medium to soft grades are cut easily with
hand tools. The glazed surface of the tile is first scored with a tool that
carries a hardened metal wheel. Then with a support directly under the the
score pressure is applied to either side of the cut and the tile snaps along the
score.

In a stone cutting machine having a cutting

chain rotated by a motor and a separate
power feed for the machine, the power
consumption of the drive motor is monitored.
When the power consumption falls below a
Specifications:
minimum, a control signal is generated to
Powerful 880W motor increase the feed, and when the power
ELECTRIC CHAIN SAW
No-load speed: 10000r/min
consumption
exceeds a fixed maximum, a
Conducting
board length:
control signal is generated to decrease the
405mm
feed.
Rated voltage: 110/230v
Frequency: 50/60Hz
Rated input power: 1300W
no load speed : 400m/min

CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

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DRILLS
A drill is a tool with a rotating drill bit used for drilling holes in various
materials. Drills are commonly used in woodworking and metalworking.
The drill bit is gripped by a chuck at one end of the drill, and is pressed
against the target material and rotated. The tip of the drill bit does the
work of cutting into the target material, slicing off thin shavings (twist
drills or auger bits) or grinding off small particles (oil drilling).

drill capacity : 10mm

Rated input power : 800w
Powerful 900W motor input power : 350w
No-load speed : 750r/min
No-load speed: 450r/min
no-load speed :
Rated voltage :110/230v~
2200r/min
Rated frequency : 50Hz

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