Académique Documents
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Gregory Mankiw
Principles of
Economics
Sixth Edition
2
Thinking Like an
Economist
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Premium
PowerPoint
Slides by
Ron
In this chapter,
look for the answers to these questions:
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A road map
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A model of human
anatomy from high
school biology class
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permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
A model airplane
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Dont forget
to floss!
Factors of Production
Factors of production: sumber daya ekonomi
yg digunakan untuk memproduksi barang &
jasa, yaitu:
labor
land
capital (gedung dan mesin2 yg digunakan
dalam proses produksi)
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10
FIGURE 1:
Firms
Households
Firms:
Buy/hire factors of production,
use them to produce goods
and services
Sell goods & services
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11
FIGURE 1:
Revenue
G&S
sold
Markets for
Goods &
Services
Firms
Factors of
production
Wages, rent,
profit
Spending
G&S
bought
Households
Markets for
Factors of
Production
2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as
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Labor, land,
capital
Income
12
13
PPF Example
Memproduksi satu komputer perlu 100 hours labor.
Memproduksi 1 ton gandum perlu 10 hours labor.
Employment of
labor hours
Production
Computers
Wheat
Computers
Wheat
50,000
500
40,000
10,000
400
1,000
25,000
25,000
250
2,500
10,000
40,000
100
4,000
50,000
5,000
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PPF Example
Production
Point
on
Comgraph puters Wheat
A
500
400
1,000
250
2,500
100
4,000
5,000
E
D
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C
B
A
15
ACTIVE LEARNING
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Cengage
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16
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
Titik F:
100 komputer,
3000 ton gandum
Titik F perlu
40,000 jam buruh
Dapat diproduksi,
tetapi tak efisien :
kombinasinya
dapat disesuaikan.
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17
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
Titik G:
300 komputer,
3500 ton gandum
Titik G perlu
65,000 jam buruh
Tak mungkin,
karena perekonomian hanya punya 50,000 jam
buruh.
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18
19
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20
slope =
1000
= 10
100
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ACTIVE LEARNING
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ENGLAND
22
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
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ENGLAND
23
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Economic
growth shifts
the PPF
outward.
24
25
Kalau terjadi
pergesaran
produksi dari bir ke
sepeda gunung:
Beer
PPF menjadi
semakin tajam
26
Beer
At A, opp. cost of
mtn bikes is low.
Mountain
Bikes
27
Beer
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At B, opp. cost
of mtn bikes
is high.
B
Mountain
Bikes
28
29
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30
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31
32
ACTIVE LEARNING
uang beredar.
b. Pemerintah harus mencetak uang lebih sedikit.
c. Pemotongan pajak diperlukan untuk
menstimulasi perekonomian.
d. Kenaikan harga burritos akan menyebabkan
33
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
a. Harga2 naik kalau pemerintah meningkatkan
uang beredar.
Positive menjelaskan hubungan sebab-akibat,
dapat memanfaatkan data untuk menyetujui atau
menolak.
b. Pemerintah harus mengurangi pencetakan uang.
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34
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
c. Pemotongan pajak diperlukan untuk menstimulasi
perekonomian.
Normative value judgment.
d. Kenaikan harga burritos akan menyebabkan
35
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36
37
38
39
SUMMARY
40