Processor register

WAQAS ALI BCS 8TH

What is register ??

registeris a small amount ofstorageavailable as part of a

digitalprocessor.

if two numbers are to be multiplied, both numbers must be in registers,

and the result is also placed in a register.

The register can contain theaddress of amemorylocation where data

isstored rather than the actual data itself.

registers are normally at the top of thememory hierarchy and provide

the fastest way to access data.

measured by the number of bits they can hold, for example, an "8bitregister" or a "32-bitregister".

Fetch: The Fetch Operation is used for taking the

instructions those are given by the user and the
Instructions those are stored into the Main Memory
will be fetch by using Registers.

Decode: The Decode Operation is used for

interpreting the Instructions means the
Instructions are decoded means the CPU will find
out which Operation is to be performed on the
Instructions.
Execute: The Execute Operation is performed by
the CPU. And Results those are produced by the
CPU are then Stored into the Memory and after
that they are displayed on the user Screen.

Categories of registers

Classified accordingly to their content or instructions that operate on

them.
User-accessible registers: instructions that can be read or written by
machine instructions. The most common division of user-accessible
registers is into data registers and address registers.
An index register in a computer's CPU is a processor register used for
modifying operand addresses during the run of a program.

Memory data Register (MDR) is the register of acomputers

control unit that contains thedata to be stored in the computer
storage(e.g.RAM), or thedata after a fetch from the computer
storage. It actslike a bufferand holds anything that is copied from
the memory ready for the processor to use it.MDR hold the
information before it goes to the decoder.

Addressregistershold addresses and are used by instructions that

indirectly accessprimary memory.

AC Register This Register is used for storing the Results those are
produced by the System. When the CPU will generate Some Results
after the Processing then all the Results will be Stored into theAC
Register.

Conditional registersholdtruthvaluesoftenusedto
determinewhethersomeinstructionshouldorshouldnot
beexecuted.
General purpose registers(GPRs) can store
both data and addresses, i.e., they are combined
Data/Address registers and rarely the register file
isunifiedto include floating point as well.
Conditional registersholdtruth valuesoften
used to determine whether some instruction
should or should not be executed.

Register usage

The number of registers available on a processor and the operations

that can be performed using those registers has a significant impact on
theefficiencyof code generated byoptimizing compilers. TheStrahler
numberof an expression tree gives the minimum number of registers
required to evaluate that expression tree.