Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
of the Skull
Contents
Skull
Cranial bones
Facial bones
Clinical cases
The Skull
22 bones joined together by sutures
Cranial bones surround cranial cavity
8 bones in contact with meninges
frontal (1), occipital (1), ethmoid (1), sphenoid (1), parietal (2),
temporal (2)
Hyoid bone
suspended from styloid
process of skull by
stylohyoid muscle and
ligament
greater & lesser
cornua
Inferior
margin of
left orbitale
Upper margin
of
auditory
meatus
Mandible
Orbit
Nasal septum
Sphenoid bone
Male VS Female
CHARACTERI MALE
STIC
Weight
Heavier
Sizes
Larger than that
in females.
The thickness
of the bone
Forehead
Thicker
In males the
forehead is
slightly sloping or
receding.
FEMALE
Lighter
Smaller
compared to
that in males
Thinner
The forehead is
vertical.
CHARACTERI MALE
STIC
FEMALE
Vault
The vault is
flattened than that
in females.
Contour of
the face
The skull is
Rounded, with the
facial bones being
more smoother,
with both the jaws
mandible and the
maxilla being
smaller.
Supraorbital
margin
More rounded
Sharp
Frontal bone
and forehead
Smooth more
vertical Frontal bone
Mastoid
Large
Small
Surface markings
Fissure
Narrow slit between adjacent parts of
bones through which blood vessels or
nerves pass.
Foramen
Opening through which blood vessels,
nerves or ligaments pass
Fossa
Shallow depression
Cranial Fossa
Sulcus
Furrow along a bone surface that
accommodates a blood vessel, nerve or
tendon
Meatus
Tubelike opening
Location
Carotid
Hypoglossal
Infraorbital
Jugular
Lacerum
Magnum
Occipital bone
Mandibular
Mastoid
Location
Mental
Olfactory
Optic
Ovale
Rotundum
Stylomastoid
Supraorbital
Sutures
Immovable joint that holds most skull
bones together
Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoid
Squamous
Paranasal sinuses
Cavities in certain cranial and facial
bones near the nasal cavity
Function
Producing mucous
Serve as resonating chambers for sound as
we speak or sing
Paranasal sinuses
Fontanels
mesenchyme-filled spaces, at birth.
Eventually they will be replaced with
bone to become sutures.
Many fontanels but 6 are fairly
constant:
Anterior fontanel (closes 18-24 months
after birth)
Posterior fontanel (closes 2 months after
birth)
Anterolateral fontanels (closes 3 months
after birth)
Posterolateral fontanels (closes 1-2 months
Fontanels
BREGMA
LAMBDA
PTERION
ASTERIO
N
Anterior fontanel
During infancy, known as the babys soft spot
Allows cranial compression during the delivery process
TMJ Syndrome
Characterized by dull pain around the ear,
tenderness of jaw muscles, a clicking or
popping noise when opening or closing the
mouth, limited or abnormal opening of the
mouth, headache, tooth sensitivity, and
abnormal wearing of the teeth.
Caused by improperly aligned teeth,
grinding or clenching the teeth, trauma to
the head and neck or arthritis.
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