Design and drawing of RC

Structures
CV61
Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Mob: 9342188467

Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com
1

WATER TANKS

Learning out Come

REVIEW
DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WATER TANK
RESTING ON GROUND WITH RIGID
BASE

When the joints at base are flexible,

hydrostatic
pressure
induces
maximum increase in diameter at base
and no increase in diameter at top
When the joint at base is rigid, the base
does not move

Tank with flexible base

Tank with rigid base

Design of Circular Tanks resting on

ground with Rigid base

Due to fixity at base of wall, the upper

part of the wall will have hoop tension
and lower part bend like cantilever.

For shallow tanks with large diameter, hoop

stresses are very small and the wall act more
like cantilever
For deep tanks of small diameter the
cantilever action due to fixity at the base is
small and the hoop action is predominant

1.
2.
3.
4.

The exact analysis of the tank to

determine the portion of wall in which
hoop tension is predominant and the
other portion in which cantilever
action is predominant, is difficult
Simplified methods of analysis are
Reissners method
Carpenters simplified method
Approximate method
IS code method
8

IS code method
Tables 9,10 and 11 of IS 3370 part IV
gives coefficients for computing hoop
tension, moment and shear for various
values of H2/Dt
Hoop tension, moment and shear is
computed as
T= coefficient ( wHD/2)
M= coefficient (wH3)
V= coefficient (wH2)
9

Thickness of wall required is computed

from BM consideration
d

M
Qb

where,
Q= cbcjk
j=1-(k/3)

m cbc
k
m cbc st

b = 1000mm
10

IS code method
Over all thickness is then computed as
t = d+cover.
Area of reinforcement in the form of
vertical bars on water face is computed
as A M
st

st jd

Area of hoop steel in the form of rings is

computed as A st1 T
st
11

IS code method
Distribution steel and vertical steel for
outer face of wall is computed from
minimum steel consideration
Tensile stress computed from the
following equation should be less than
the permissible stress for safe design
T
c
1000 t (m 1)A st
the permissible stress is 0.27 fck
12

IS code method
Base slab thickness generally varies
from 150mm to 250 mm and minimum
steel is distributed to top and bottom
of slab.

13

Design Problem No.1 on Circular Tanks

resting on ground with Rigid base

14

A cylindrical tank of capacity 7,00,000 liters is

resting on good unyielding ground. The depth
of tank is limited to 5m. A free board of 300
mm may be provided. The wall and the base
slab are cast integrally. Design the tank using
M20 concrete and Fe415 grade steel .
Draw the following
Plan at base
Cross section through centre of tank.

15

Step 1: Dimension of tank

H= 5-0.3 = 4.7 and volume V = 700 m 3
A=700/4.7 = 148.94 m2
D= (4 x 148.94/) = 13.77 14 m

16

Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and

bending moment
One meter width of the wall is considered
and the thickness of the wall is estimated
as t=30H+50 = 191 mm.
The thickness of wall is assumed
as 200 mm.
Referring to table 9 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for hoop
tension = 0.575
17

Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and bending

moment (Contd.)

Tmax=0.575 x 10 x 4.7 x 7 =189.175 kN

Referring to table 10 of IS3370 (part IV),
the maximum coefficient for
bending moment = -0.0146 (produces
tension on water side)
Mmax= 0.0146 x 10 x 4.73=15.15 kN-m
18

Step 3: Design of section:

For M20 concrete cbc=7, For Fe415 steel
st=150 MPa and m=13.33 for M20
concrete and Fe415 steel
The design constants are: k m cbc 0.39
m cbc st
j=1-(k/3)=0.87
Q= cbcjk = 1.19
Effective depth6 is calculated as
d

M
15.15x10

112 .94mm
Qb
1.19 x1000
19

Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)

Let over all thickness be 200 mm with effective cover
33 mm
dprovided=167 mm
M
15.15x10 6
2
A

695
.
16
mm
st of 16 mm diameter bar =
Spacing
st jd 150 x 0.87 x167

201x1000
(Max spacing
3d=501mm)
289.23mmc / c
695
.16
Provide
#16@275
c/c as vertical reinforcement on
water face
20

Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)

Hoop steel:

T 189.275x103
A st1

1261mm 2
st
150

Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =

113 x1000
89.mmc / c
1261

Provide #12@80 c/c as hoop reinforcement on water face

Actual area of steel provided

113 x1000
A st
1412.5mm 2
80
21

Step 4: Check for tensile stress:

T
189.275x10 3
c

0.87 N / mm 2
1000 t (m 1)A st 1000 x 200 (13.33 1) x1412.5

Permissible stress = 0.27fck=1.2 N/mm2 > c Safe

22

Step 5: Distribution Steel:

Minimum area of steel is 0.24% of concrete area
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 200 = 480 mm2
50.24 x1000
104.7.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =
480
Provide #8 @ 100 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.

23

Step 5: Base slab:

The thickness of base slab shall be 150 mm. The base
slab rests on firm ground, hence only minimum
reinforcement is provided.
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 150 = 360 mm2
Reinforcement for each face = 180 mm2
50.24 x1000
279.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =
180
Provide #8 @ 250 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.
24

25

Design Problem No.2 on Circular Tanks

resting on ground with Rigid base

26

Design a circular water tank to hold

5,50,000 liters of water. Assume rigid
joints between the wall and base slab.
Adopt M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel.
Sketch details of reinforcements.

27

Step 1: Dimension of tank

Volume of tank V=550 m3
Assume H= 4.5
A=550/4.5 = 122.22 m2
D= (4 x 122.22/) = 12.47 12.5 m

28

Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and

bending moment
One meter width of the wall is considered and
the thickness of the wall is estimated as
t=30H+50 = 185 mm. The thickness of wall is
assumed as 200 mm.
H2
4.5 2

8.1 8
Dt 12.5 0.2

Referring to table 9 of IS3370 (part IV), the

maximum coefficient for hoop
tension = 0.575
29

Step 2: Analysis for hoop tension and bending

moment (Contd.)
Tmax=0.575 x 10 x 4.5 x 6.25 =161.72 kN
Referring to table 10 of IS3370 (part IV), the
maximum coefficient for bending moment
= -0.0146 (produces tension on water side)
Mmax= 0.0146 x 10 x 4.53=13.3 kN-m

30

Step 3: Design of section:

For M20 concrete cbc=7, For Fe415 steel st=150 MPa

and m=13.33 for M20 concrete and Fe415 steel
The design constants are:
m cbc
k
0.39
m cbc st

j=1-(k/3)=0.87
Q= cbcjk = 1.19
Effective depth is calculated as

M
13.3x10 6

105.7 mm
Qb
1.19 x1000
31

Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)

Let over all thickness be 200 mm with effective
cover 33 mm
dprovided=167 mm
M
13.3x10 6
A st

610.27 mm 2
st jd 150 x 0.87 x167

Spacing of 16 mm diameter bar =

201x1000
329.36mmc / c
610.27

(Max spacing 3d=501mm)

Provide #16@300 c/c as vertical reinforcement
on water face
32

Step 3: Design of section: (Contd.)

3
Hoop steel:

A st1

T 161.72x10

1078.13mm 2
st
150

Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =

113 x1000
104mmc / c
1078.13

Provide #12@100 c/c as hoop reinforcement on water

face
Actual area of steel provided

A st
33

113 x1000
1130 mm 2
100

Step 4: Check for tensile stress:

T
161.72 x10 3
c

0.76 N / mm 2
1000 t (m 1)A st 1000 x 200 (13.33 1) x1130

Permissible stress = 0.27fck=1.2 N/mm2 > c Safe

34

Step 5: Distribution Steel:

Minimum area of steel is 0.24% of concrete area
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 200 = 480 mm2
50.24 x1000
104.7.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =
480
Provide #8 @ 100 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.

35

Step 5: Base slab:

The thickness of base slab shall be 150 mm. The base
slab rests on firm ground, hence only minimum
reinforcement is provided.
Ast=(0.24/100) x1000 x 150 = 360 mm2
Reinforcement for each face = 180 mm2
50.24 x1000
279.mmc / c
Spacing of 8 mm diameter bar =
180
Provide #8 @ 250 c/c as vertical and horizontal
distribution on the outer face.
36

37

A TYPICAL DRAWING

38

39

Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Mob: 9342188467

Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com
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