Glossary of

Business Law
Boteanu Teona
Ghiban Sebastian
Moldovan Catalina
AML, 3rd year

Field of glossary:
Business Law
Content of corpus:
Law for Business
Students by Alix Adams,
Pearson Education
Limited, 2010 (Sixth
Edition), p. 6-81.

First part:
Selected terms
chattel
prosecution
case law

Term: chattel
Definition: transferable personal property. It includes leasehold land (called
chattel real) and furniture, jewelry, movable machinery, rights (such as
copyright and patents), securities, vehicles, etc., (called chattel personal), but
excludes freehold land and items such as fixtures or equipment permanently
affixed to a building or the ground.
Source: http://www.businessdictionary.com
Context of use: 1.packed up all her chattels and moved to a new state
2. Figure 1.1, p.8
Source: 1. www.merriam-webster.com
2. Alix Adams - Law for Business Students
Romanian Translation: bun personal
Source: www.hallo.ro
Comments: - specific to English Law; usually in plural form
- goods and chattels: personal property (The Free Dictionary)
- obsolete meaning: slave; hard to be confused in modern legal documents

Term: prosecution
Definition: the side of a legal case which argues that a person
who is accused of a crime is guilty ; the lawyer or lawyers who
prosecute someone in a court case
Source: www.merriam-webster.com
Context of use: The prosecution, law enforcement and judicial
authorities should therefore ensure that such persons are able to
exercise effectively the rights provided for in this Directive, for
example by taking into account any potential vulnerability that
affects their ability to follow the proceedings and to make
themselves understood, and by taking appropriate steps to
ensure those rights are guaranteed.
Source: www.linguee.com
Romanian Translation: organ de urmrire penal
Source: www.linguee.com
Comments: - Hallo provided too many definitions for the English
word, and all of them being legal, I chose to go with organ de
urmrire penal
- can also be translated as acuzare, procuratur, procuror
- other translations: plngere, reclamaie, urmrire penal

Term: case law

Definition: part ofcommon law, consisting ofjudgmentsgiven
by higher (appellate)courtsininterpretingthestatutes(or
theprovisionsof aconstitution) applicable incasesbrought
before them.Calledprecedents, they arebindingon all courts
(within the samejurisdiction) to be followed as thelawin similar
cases.Over time, these precedents are recognized, affirmed,
andenforcedby the subsequent courtdecisions, thus
continually expanding the common law. In comparison,statute
lawis the body ofacts enacted by a legislature, andcivil
lawdoes notrecognizeany precedent. Also called judge-made
law.
Source: http://www.businessdictionary.com
Context of use: According to the Court's case law under
Article 49 TFEU, the concept of establishment is a very broad
one, allowing an EU national to participate, on a stable and
continuous basis, in the economic life of a Member State other
than his State of origin and to profit from this market, so
contributing to economic and social interpenetration within the
Community52.
Source: www.linguee.com
Romanian Translation: jurispruden

Second part:
Selected terms
interlocutory
injunction
judicial review
barrister

Term: interlocutory injunction

Definition: A temporary injunction, which lasts only until the
end of the trial during which the injunction was sought.
Source: Duhaime Dictionary,
http://www.duhaime.org/LegalDictionary
Context of use: The three-pronged test that courts in Canada
and in
other jurisdictions apply in considering applications for
interlocutory injunctions is well established: the applicant
must demonstrate that there is a serious question to be
tried []
Source: http://
lawjournal.mcgill.ca/userfiles/other/6083484-Groleau.pdf
Romanian Translation: ordonan preedinial
Source: IATE, www.iate.europa.eu
Comments: The correct Romanian equivalent is ordonan
preedinial, not ordonan preedenial!
another possible definition: injunction issued during a trial
to maintain the status quo or preserve the subject matter of
the litigation until the trial is over (www.thefreedictionary.com

Term: judicial review

Definition: One courts review of another courts proceedings
and judgments. Typically, a higher court review of a lower
court. Can also be a review of an administrative bodys factual
or legal findings. The reviewing court can even award damages
as well as uphold or reverse any order reviewed. 2. Supreme
Court authority to decide constitutionality of a law.
Source: Blacks Law dictionary, www.thelawdictionary.org
Context of use: It [the Divisional Court of the Queens Bench]
also has a supervisory jurisdiction over all inferior courts and
tribunals exercised through the process of judicial review.
Source: Law for Business Students by Alix Adams.
Romanian Translation: control jurisdicional
Source: IATE, www.iate.europa.eu
Comments: Under no circumstances can the term be
translated by control judicial.
another possible definition:
thepowerofacourttoadjudicatetheconstitutionalityoflegisla
tiveorexecutiveacts (www.thefreeditionary.com too brief, not
complete)

Term: barrister
Definition: (in English law) An advocate; one who has been
called to the bar. A counselor learned in the law who pleads at
the bar of the courts, and who is engaged in conducting the trial
or argument of causes. To be distinguished from the attorney,
who draws the pleadings, prepares the testimony, and conducts
matters out of court.
Source: Blacks Law dictionary, www.thelawdictionary.org
Context of use: The court hears legal arguments from both
parties, who will generally be represented by a barrister or a
solicitor-advocate. Solicitors in general do not have the right to
appear in the High Court []
Source: Law for Business Students by Alix Adams.
Romanian Translation: avocat
Source: www.linguee.com
Comments: In Romanian, both barrister and solicitor are
translated by the word avocat.

another possible definition: (Chiefly British)

Alawyerwhoisauthorizedtoappearandpresentcasesatanyc
ourtinajurisdiction. (not extensive enough, but mentions that it
is typical of the British legal system)

Third part:
Selected terms
debtor
counter-offer
claimant

Term: debtor
Definition: One who owes a debt; he who may be
compelled to pay a claim or demand.
Source: Blacks Law dictionary,
www.thelawdictionary.org.
Context of use: The debtor failed to pay the
creditor, who, not knowing of the death of the
guarantor , wrote to claim his money.
Source: Law for Business Students by Alix Adams.
Romanian Translation: debitor
Source: www.linguee.com.
Comments: the opposite for debtor is the word
creditor.
another possible definition:
Onethatowessomethingtoanother.
Onewhoisguiltyofatrespassorsin;asinner. (
www.thefreedictionary.com not a specialized
source, too general)
another option for translation: datornic (an

Term: counter-offer
Definition:
anoffermadeinresponsetoapreviousofferbytheotherpartyduri
ngnegotiations forafinalcontract.Makingacounteroffer
automaticallyrejectstheprioroffer,andrequiresanacceptanceund
erthetermsofthecounterofferorthereisnocontract.
Source: www.legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com.
Context of use:
SusanSellerofferstosellherhousefor$150,000,tobepaidin60da
ys;BruceBuyerreceivestheofferandgivesSelleracounterofferof
$140,000,payablein45days.
Source: www.legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com.
Romanian Translation: contraofert
Source: www.linguee.com
Comments: both counter-offer and counteroffer are spelt
correctly. (www.dictionary.cambridge.org)
another possible definition:
anoffermadeinreturnbyonewhorejectsanunsatisfactoryoffer. (
www.thefreedictionary.com too short and ambiguous for a
definition)
another option for translation: ofert alternativ (not a

Term: claimant
Definition: Partymaking(filing) aformaldemandfor
apaymentor asserting aright(such as theownershipof
aproperty).
Source: www.businessdictionary.com.
Context of use: The claimant said that he would assume
Johns acceptance unless told otherwise.
Source: Law for Business Students by Alix Adams.
Romanian Translation: reclamant
Source: www.hallo.com
Comments: the term is mainly used in civil law.
another possible definition:
apartythatmakesaclaim,especiallyonethatislegallycogn
izable (www.thefreedictionary.com the other definition is
more extensive and offers an example )
another option for translation: pretendent (not typical
of the legal language)

Conclusion
Compiling a glossary of law terms in
general is a difficult task, mainly because
there are few updated and reliable sources in
this field;
Moreover, there are various different concepts
in one of the two legal systems which dont
have an equivalent in the other one; the cause
for this is that our legal system is highly
influenced by the Roman one, which the
English system is not.