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P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Vwi
Vri
Vfi
Vai
Ub
Vwi
Vfi
Vai
Vri
Kaplan Turbine
Francis to Kaplan
S.No.
Station
No. Units
unit Size,
MW
Design
Head
Speed
rpm
Design
Discharge,
Cumecs
LPH
2 27.5
29.5
200
101
Kadra
3 50
32.0
142.86
175.5
Kodasalli
3 40
37.0
166.67
123
4.
Almatti
1 15
5 55
24.09
187.50
26.69
115.4
39.827
N s 0.486
H
Ns
P in watts.
N P
H
Runner
Hm
Hre
Hri
Htotal
Hs
CAVITATION
Cavitation occurs especially at spots where the pressure is low.
In the case of a Kaplan turbine, the inlet of the runner is quite
susceptible to it.
At parts with a high water flow velocity cavitation might also
arise.
The major design criteria for blades is : Avoid Cavitation.
First it decreases the efficiency and causes crackling noises.
The main problem is the wear or rather the damage of the
turbines parts such as the blades.
Cavitation does not just destroy the parts, chemical properties are
also lost.
Hs
patm pvap
Vde2
H net
2g
2
V
1.5241 N s1.46 de
2 gH net
Dgo
60kug 2 gH
a
b
Guide Vanes
Whirl Chamber
Drunner
Dhub
Parts of Runner
Hub diameter
The hub diameter Di can be calculated with the following equation:
Dhub
0.0951
0.25
Drunner
Ns
Drunner
H
84.5 0.79 1.602 N s
60 N
Ns
N Q
H