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Goals:
Chapter 12
Extend the particle model to
rigid-bodies
Understand the equilibrium of
an extended object.
Analyze rolling motion
Understand rotation about a
fixed axis.
Employ conservation of
angular momentum concept
Assignment:
HW7 due March 25th
After Spring Break Tuesday:
Catch up
Rotational Variables
Rotation about a fixed axis:
d 2
(rad/s) vTangential /R
dt T
dx
v
(Analogous to the linear case
dt )
Rotational Variables...
Recall: At a point a distance R away from the axis of rotation,
v = R
v = R
a = R
0 t
1
0 0 t t 2 (angular position in rad)
2
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 4
Linear
constant
a constant
0 t
0 0 t t
1
2
v v 0 at
2
x x0 v 0 t 12 at 2
points.
2 K= m (2v)2 = m (2r)2
Twice the radius, four times the kinetic energy
K mv m(r )
1
2
1
2
center of mass.
Center of mass: Where the system is balanced !
Building a mobile is an exercise in finding
centers of mass.
m1
m2
m1
m2
mobile
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 11
many parts ?
Define the Center of Mass (average position):
For a collection of N individual point like particles whose
masses and positions we know:
mi ri
N
RCM i 1
M
RCM
m2
m1
r1
r2
y
x
Sample calculation:
Consider the following mass distribution:
N
mi ri
RCM i 1
M
m
(0,0)
m
(24,0)
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 13
dm
y
r dm r dm
RCM
M
dm
r
x
where dm is an infinitesimal
mass element.
mi ri
N
RCM i 1
M
K TOTAL K Rotation MV
2
CM
1
2
K R m p v p m p (rp )
1
2
1
2
VCM
K 12 mi v i
i 1
m4
m3
r1
r4
r3
m1
r2
m2
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 16
K mi v mi r
1
2
2
i
i 1
1
2
2 2
i
i 1
1
2
[ m r ]
4
i 1
2
i i
write:
m4
K Rotational I
1
2
I mi ri
m3
2
r1
r4
r3
r2
m1
m2
i 1
I mi ri
i 1
I1 = 2mL2
I2 = mL2
I = 2mL2
Moments of Inertia
For a continuous solid object we have to add up the mr2
dm
I r dm
2
dr
L
I = M R2
Use the table
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 22
K 12 I 2
I mi ri
A.
B.
C. 1
D. 2
E. 4
Ball 1
Ball 2
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 24
that of Ball 1 ?
Ball 1
(C) 1
(D) 2
(E) 4
Ball 2
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 25
Exercise
Work & Energy
Strings are wrapped around the circumference of two solid disks
and pulled with identical forces, F, for the same linear distance,
d.
Disk 1 has a bigger radius, but both are identical material (i.e.
their density = M / V is the same). Both disks rotate freely
around axes though their centers, and start at rest.
Which disk has the biggest angular velocity after the drop?
W F d = I 2
(A)
Disk 1
(B) Disk 2
(C) Same
start
finish
F
d
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 28
Exercise
Work & Energy
Strings are wrapped around the circumference of two solid disks
and pulled with identical forces for the same linear distance.
Disk 1 has a bigger radius, but both are identical material (i.e.
their density = M/V is the same). Both disks rotate freely
around axes though their centers, and start at rest.
Which disk has the biggest angular velocity after the drop?
W = F d = I1 12 = I2 22
1 = (I2 / I1) 2 and I2 < I1
(A)
Disk 1
(B) Disk 2
(C) Same
start
finish
F
d
Physics 207: Lecture 16, Pg 29
Lecture 16
K TOTAL K Rotational MV
2
CM
1
2
K Rotational I
1
2
Assignment:
HW7 due March 25th
For the next Tuesday:
Catch up
I mi ri
Lecture 16
Assignment:
HW7 due March 25th
After Spring Break Tuesday: Catch up