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Occupational Health and Safety

SAFE 159
Instructor:
John Ouellette
Contact Information:
Phone:403.869.1538
8:00 to 5:00 Weekdays
Email:John@MackenzieSafety.com

Lesson 1: Responsibility for


Safety
In this section we will learn who bears the
responsibility for safety in the workplace.

Responsibility for Safety


The final responsibility for safety is borne by the workers
on site

Protect yourself

Protect your fellow worker

Participate in the program


In reality, there are several other layers of responsibility
to consider
The sum of all these responsibilities is the Safety
Management System

Internal vs External Responsibility

The External Responsibility system is imposed


by external bodies such as law, regulations
enforced by outside sources.
The Internal responsibility System depends on
the management, the workers, and the company
to enforce the regulations from within.

External Responsibility System

OHS law is based on the External Responsibility


System.
The external responsibility system is the lawful
authority establishing government regulatory
accountability.
OHS laws generally set the framework for the
health and safety requirements, standards and
procedures in the jurisdiction in which they
apply.

Enforcement

Two means of enforcement exist

The issuance of orders or directions by inspectors or officers,


employed by various government regulators.

The issuance of an order may be to stop working


immediately, or

to change a work practice within a reasonable period of


time.
The laying of charges under OHS laws as a means of enforcing
the duties for various workplace parties.

Lastly, certain offences may carry criminal charges, with


the appropriate means of enforcement.

Internal Responsibility
System

OHS regulations in most jurisdictions are based


on the Internal Responsibility System.
The internal responsibility system is an
overlapping system of rights and responsibility
of workplace stakeholders.

Application

The internal responsibility system holds that workplace


stakeholders have the primary and shared responsibility
to ensure workplace safety, as they are best positioned to
effectively identify, assess and control or eliminate risk.
Key elements of the system include legislating positive
duties and responsibilities for various stakeholders and
providing certain rights to workers
the principal parties involved in managing and improving
occupational health and safety are workplace
stakeholders.

Basic Principles
The owner of a workplace
Employers,
Employees
Self-employed persons at a workplace,
Contractors or subcontractors,
A provider of a service to a workplace, or
A supplier of goods to the workplace, and
Visitors to the workplace
Share the responsibility for the health and safety of all
persons at the workplace.

Principles (2)

The primary responsibility for creating and maintaining a


safe and healthy workplace should be that of each of
these parties, to the extent of each party's authority and
ability to do so.

Accountability Triangle

Authority To have the power to influence action or lack


of action
Responsibility to be required to influence an action or
lack of action
Accountability To be judged by the success or failure
of to exercise legitimate authority to affect the outcome
of an action or inaction you were responsible for

The Balance of Power

Having to much authority or too little authority to do the


job will have determine measure of success
Too little authority will lead to failure to get the
required action
Too much authority may result in people
overstepping the position, and negatively affecting
the overall outcome.
You must have enough authority to get the job done,
but not so much as to interfere with other people who
have their own responsibilities and accountabilities .

Workers Rights

Basic rights for the workers should include


The right to know of hazards present on the work
place, and controls to reduce the risk
The right to refuse work which will pose an
unacceptable risk to yourself or to others present on
site
The right to participate in the safety program

Legislation

The role of legislation and bodies which enforce the


regulation is not to assume responsibility for creating and
maintaining safe and healthy workplaces, but
to establish and clarify the responsibilities of the
parties under the law,
to support them in carrying out their responsibilities
and
to intervene appropriately when those responsibilities
are not carried out.

Employers Responsibilities

Every employer shall ensure, as far as it is reasonably


practicable for the employer to do so, the health and
safety of;
workers engaged in the work of that employer, and
those workers not engaged in the work of that
employer but present at the work site at which that
work is being carried out

Workers Responsibilities

Every worker shall, while engaged in an occupation,


take reasonable care to protect the health and safety of
the worker and of other workers present while the worker
is working, and
co-operate with the workers employer for the purposes
of protecting the health and safety of
the worker,
other workers engaged in the work of the employer, a
other workers not engaged in the work of that
employer but present at the work site at which that
work is being carried out.

Suppliers Responsibilities

Every supplier shall ensure, as far as it is reasonably


practicable for the supplier to do so, that any tool,
appliance or equipment that the supplier supplies is in
safe operating condition.
Every supplier shall ensure that any tool, appliance,
equipment, designated substance or hazardous material
that the supplier supplies complies with the act, the
regulations and the adopted code.

Contractors Responsibilities

Every contractor who directs the activities of an


employer involved in work at a work site shall ensure, as
far as it is reasonably practicable to do so, that the
employer complies with the acts, the regulations and the
adopted code in respect of that work site.

Hazard Legislation

An employer must assess a work site and identify


existing or potential hazards before work begins on a
work site.
An employer must identify methods used to control or
eliminate the hazards identified.
An employer must ensure that the date on which the
hazard assessment is prepared or revised is recorded on
it.

Hazard Legislation (2)


An employer must ensure that the hazard assessment is
done:
Before the construction of a new work site.
At a reasonably practicable intervals to prevent the
development of unsafe and unhealthy work conditions
When a new work process is introduced
When a work process or operation changes

Hazard Assessment

If reasonably practicable, an employer must involve


affected workers in the hazard assessment and in the
control or elimination of the hazards identified.
An employer must ensure that workers affected by the
hazards identified in a hazard assessment report are
informed of the hazards and the methods used to control
or eliminate the hazards.

Controls

If an existing or potential hazard to workers is identified


during a hazard assessment, an employer must take
measures to
eliminate the hazards, or
if elimination is not reasonably practicable, control
the hazard

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