WELCOME

Presentation on sewage treatment

Submitted by Priyank Godiyal

Diplom civil 3rd yr

CONTENTS
Introduction
What is Sewage treatment plant
Why treat sewage
Stages of sewage treatment
Laying of sewer pipes

SEWAGE
Sewage is a water-carried waste, in solution or suspension, that
is intended to be removed from a community. Also known as
domestic or municipal wastewater, it is more than 99% water
and is characterized by volume or rate of flow, physical
condition, chemical and toxic constituents, and its bacteriologic
status (which organisms it contains and in what quantities).

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

Structures and appurtenances which receive
the discharge of a sanitary drainage system
and which are designed to bring about a
reduction in the organic and bacterial content
of the waste so as to render it less offensive
or dangerous, e.g., a septic tank or cesspool.

WHY TREAT SEWAGE

Across the world, there continues to be huge volumes of
wastewater pumped directly into rivers, streams and the
ocean itself. The impact of this is severe aside from the
damage to the marine environment and to fisheries it can
cause, it does little to preserve water.
Improving the environment through proper drainage
and disposal of wastewater
Preventing flood through removal of rainwater

STAGES OF SEWAGE
TREATMENT
Stage 1- Screening
Stage 2- Primary Treatment
Stage 3- Secondary Treatment
Stage 4- Final Treatment

SCREENING
Screening is first stage of the wastewater
treatment process. Screening removes large
objects like, diapers, nappies, sanitary
items, cotton buds, face wipes and even
broken bottles, bottle tops, plastics and rags
that may block or damage equipment.
Special equipment is also used to remove
grit that gets washed into the sewer.

PRIMARY TREATMENT

This involve the separation of organic solid matter (or

human waste) from the wastewater. This is done by
putting the wastewater into large settlement tanks
for the solids to sink to the bottom of the tank. The
settled solids are called sludge. At the bottom of
these circular tanks, large scrappers continuously
scrape the floor of the tank and push the sludge
towards the center where it is pumped away for
further treatment. The rest of the water is then
moved to the Secondary treatment.

SECONDARY TREATMENT
The water, at this stage is put into large
rectangular tanks. These are called
aeration lanes. Air is pumped into the water
to encourage bacteria to breakdown the
tiny bits of sludge that escaped the sludge
scrapping process.

FINAL TREATMENT
Next the almost treated wastewater is passed
through a settlement tank. Here, more sludge is
formed at the bottom of the tank from the
settling of the bacterial action. Again, the sludge
is scrapped and collected for treatment. The
water at this stage is almost free from harmless
substances and chemicals. The water is allowed
to flow over a wall where it is filtered through a
bed of sand to remove any additional particles.
The filtered water is then released into the river

LAYING OF SEWER PIPES

1. Determine Elevation
2. Slope
3. Trench and Bedding
4. Lay the Pipe
5. Final Run

THANK YOU