Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Copyrights
Rights of authors of literary and artistic work
Main purpose to encourage creative work
Industrial Property
Protection of distinctive signs e.g. trade marks, geographical indications,
patents and trade secrets.
TRIPS
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BASIC PRINCIPLES
1.National Treatment
Treating ones own nation and foreigners equally
3.
Balanced Protection
Both producer and users should benefit and economic and social welfare should be enhanced
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COPYRIGHTS
It includes authors of literary and artistic work
For example books, musical compositions, painting, computer
programs, films etc.
TRADEMARKS
Trademarks are the distinctive brand names and logos
Well known marks in particular country enjoy additional
protection
GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS
Indentify that characteristics of the good are attributed to its
geographical origin
This protection is usually done for wines and spirits e.g. Scotch
Using the place name when product is made somewhere else can
mislead the consumers
INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS
Industrial designs are the aesthetic aspects of an article
It Includes pattern, lines, colors and shapes of an article
TRIPS agreement says industrial designs must be protected for at
least 10 years
Samsung local unit in New Dehli filed a case against Whirlpool for
copying the designs of its washing machines, air conditioners etc
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PATENTS
Patents are usually given for new inventions
Patents are given for at least 20 years
Patents protection is given for both products and processes e.g. medicines, Coca cola
secret formula
Patent case between Amazon.com and Barnes & Nobel in 1999 for 1 click technology
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The owner of a copy right can issue a license for someone else to
produce or copy.
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Technology Transfer:
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For pharmaceutical and agri. Chemical products, country had to file the
patent application from the beginning.
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DOHA mandate:
3.
4.
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Disputes:
WIPO: (1967)
(World intellectual property organization)
It promotes the protection of intellectual property through the world.
It also encourages creativity.
WIPO currently have 188 members states.
WIPO NET
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EMERGING ISSUES:
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
knowledge that has ancient roots and is often oral - is not protected by
conventional intellectual property systems.
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PRODUCT PLACEMENT:
The earliest example of product placement dates from the
movieWingsin 1929, which featured Hersheys
chocolate.
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TECHNICAL INNOVATION
Spanish film director Segundo de Chomn is believed to have
been the first person to put a camera on wheels back in
1907.
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TRIMS
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TRIMS:
Measures adopted by government to attract and
regulate foreign investment. Such as fiscal incentives,
tax rebates and provision of land and other
services on preferential terms.
TRIMS AGREEMENT:
IT came in to effect on 1 jan, 1995 as part of Uruguay Round
Negotiations.
It violates Article III and Article XI.
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2 y= developed countries.
5 y = developing countries.
7y= least developed countries.
EXTENSION REQUEST NEGOTIATION: SUBMIT REQUEST TO CTG.
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Chile:
Exemption for custom duties on exports
Colombia:
Reduce custom duties on imported components for making
final products.
Malaysia:
policies regarding motor vehicles
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Mexico:
Reduce custom duties on import of raw material
Thailand:
Meet local requirement of Milk & Dairy products
Ministerial
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IMPACT IN PAKISTAN:
Instead of making normal good for local Pakistan should make high
quality good for export.
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