MARTEMPERING AND

AUSTEMPERING

STEELS
can be heat treated to high
hardness and strength levels for
getting the required strength for
various applications.

STEELS
Structural components
subjected to high operating
stress need the high
strength of a hardened
structure.

STEELS
tools such as dies, knives,
cutting devices, and
forming devices need a
hardened structure to
resist wear and

STEELS
Quenched hardened steels
are so brittle that even slight
impacts may cause fracture

STEELS
TEMPERING to remove
the stresses and
brittleness caused by
quenching and to develop
the required mechanical

TEMPERING
a heat treatment that
reduces the brittleness
of steel without
significantly lowering its
hardness and strength.

TEMPERING
All hardened steels must
undergone this treatment
before use.

TEMPERING
Processes:
1. Martempering
2. Austempering
3. Conventional Heat,
Quench
and Temper

MARTEMPERING
(Marquenching) is a form of heat
treatment applied as an
interrupted quench of steels
typically in a molten salt bath at a
temperature right above the
martensite start temperature.

MARTEMPERING
to delay the cooling for a
length of time to equalize the
temperature throughout the
piece which will minimize
distortion, cracking and
residual stress.

MARTEMPERING
BENEFITS:
Reduced cracking due to thermal
stress.
Reduced residual stress in the
quenched part section for parts
with varying geometry, size, or

MARTEMPERING
Since marquenching lowers
the residual thermal stress, it
is used for parts with complex
geometries, diverse weights,
and section changes.

MARTEMPERING

PROCE
SS
Quenching
from the
austenitising
temperature
to a
temperature
above the
martensitic

MARTEMPERING

Holding in the
quenching
medium until
the
temperature
throughout
the steel is
substantially
uniform

PROCE
SS

MARTEMPERING

Cooling at a
moderate
rate to
prevent large
differences
between the
outside and
the centre of

PROCE
SS

MARTEMPERING

Tempering
in
conventio
nal
fashion

PROCE
SS

AUSTEMPERING
is a heat treating process for
medium-to-high carbon ferrous
metals which produces BAINITE
structure.

AUSTEMPERING
It yields desirable mechanical
properties including:
Higher ductility, toughness, and
strength for a given hardness.
Resistance to shock
Reduced distortion, specifically
with thin parts.

AUSTEMPERING
This process is widely used in
the automotive industry for
clips and other parts where
maximum flexibility and
toughness are required.

AUSTEMPERING
PROCE
SS

Heating to
a
temperatu
re within
the
austenitisi
ng range,
usually

AUSTEMPERING
PROCE
SS

Quenched in a
bath (molten
salt, or
occasionally oil)
maintained at a
constant
temperature,
usually in the
range of 260370C (500-

AUSTEMPERING
PROCE
SS

Held for a
time to allow
transformation
to a bainite
microstructure

AUSTEMPERING
PROCE
SS

Cooled to
room
temperature.

MANA