Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Outline
History of Contemporary
International Trade Law
Protectionism
The Bretton Woods Systems
The 1947 General Agreement on Tariffs
and Trade
Multilateral Trade Negotiations
The Uruguay Round
Outline (contd)
World Trade Organization
The WTO Agreement
Membership of the WTO
Structure of the WTO
Decision Making with the WTO
Waivers
Dispute Settlement
Trade Policy Review
Outline (contd)
The 1994 GATT
Direct Effect
Nondiscrimination
Protection Only through Tariffs
Transparency
Regional Integration
Commodity Arrangements
Escape Clause
Exceptions
Export Controls
Other Multilateral Export-Control Programs
Outline (contd)
Multilateral Trade Agreements
Customs Valuation
Preshipment Inspection
Technical Barriers to Trade
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
Trade related investment measures
Import-Licensing Procedures
Anti-dumping
Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
Safeguards
Agriculture
Textiles and Clothing
Rules of Origin
History of Contemporary
International Trade Law
Protectionism
The Bretton Woods Systems
IMF
World Bank (IBRD)
ITO (now defunct)
History of Contemporary
International Trade Law (contd)
Multilateral Trade Negotiations
Contracting parties regularly meet
Rounds
Kennedy round
Agenda
Techniques used
Tokyo round
Nontariff codes
Customs Valuation
Subsidies and countervailing measures
Anti-dumping
Standards
Import licensing
Government procurement
History of Contemporary
International Trade Law (contd)
The Uruguay Round
Meetings between 1986 to 1994
Established the WTO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
WTO
The WTO Agreement
Four basic functions
WTO (contd)
Membership of the WTO
Current members
WTO (contd)
Structure of the WTO
See chart
Ministerial Conference
General Council
WTO (contd)
Decision Making with the WTO
Consensus
Reading 7-1
WTO (contd)
Waivers
system of loopholes held together by
waivers
Dispute Settlement
Trade Policy Review
Transparency
Regional Integration
Free trade areas
Customs unions
Commodity Arrangements
Primary commodities
IPC
Exceptions
General exceptions
Security exceptions
Export Controls
Cultural property
National security
Wassenaar Arrangement
Multilateral Trade
Agreements
Customs Valuation
Customs Valuation Code
Transaction value
Deductive value
Computed value
Derived value
Safeguards
Agriculture
Textiles and Clothing
Rules of Origin