The DIABETES and STROKE

Stop Stroke. Act FAST. Spread Hope

Diabetes and Stroke

If you have diabetes, its important
to understand your increased risk
of stroke. Multiple studies have
shown that people with diabetes
are at greater risk for stroke
compared
to
people
without
diabetes -- regardless of the
number of health risk factors they
have. Overall, the health risk of
cardiovascular disease (including
stroke) is two-and-a-half times
higher in men and women with
diabetes.

Diabetes and Stroke

(USA) In 1990s, key studies showed that
diabetics could keep their blood sugar,
blood pressure and cholesterol under
control. The research suggested that
complications, including stroke were not
necessary inevitable.
The result of the study revealed that early
detection and treatment aided to decrease
the
rates Screening,
of diabetes-related
complications,
Better
medicines
and care
including
attributedstroke.
to decrease the rate of stroke and
heart attacks among diabetics by 60%. It also
help to decline the number of diabetesrelated kidney failure and amputations.

Diabetes and Stroke

(PHL) Diabetes is now the biggest single cause of
amputation, stroke, blindness, and end-stage
kidney failure. More than half of all deaths from
diabetes results from cardiovascular disease,
including heart attack and stroke.
By 2030, diabetics are expected to rise to 438
million, an increase over 50% in 20 years. Almost
80% of diabetics live in developing countries. One
out of every five Filipinos could potentially have
diabetes or pre-diabetes.
Public-private partnerships can play a key
role in stopping the diabetes epidemic by
adopting a comprehensive, holistic, and
integrated approach to diabetes education,
prevention through a healthy lifestyle, early

What is Stroke?

What is Stroke?
Brain tissue needs a constant
supply
of
oxygen
and
nutrients to keep nerve cells
and other parts of the tissue
alive and functioning. The
brain relies on a network of
blood vessels to provide it
with blood that is rich in
oxygen. A stroke occurs when
one of these blood vessels
becomes
damaged
or
blocked, preventing blood
from reaching an area of the
brain. When that part of the
brain is cut off from its supply

What is Stroke?
There are two types
of strokes:
those
that
are
caused
by
a
rupture
in
an
artery, also known
as
hemorrhagic
stroke,
strokes that are
caused by blockage
of an artery, also
known as ischemic

MCDGH Stroke Unit

2013
Bleed
Infarct
Total:

Disposition
Censu
Trans
s
out:
5
Expired:
27
Transfer:
32
Discharge
d:
Total for
2013 Census
Stroke related to
Diabetes

17
4
1
10
32

MCDGH Stroke Unit

Censu
Disposition
2014
s
Bleed
8
Trans
Infarct
11
out:
16
Neuro
Expired: 3
related
1
HAMA:
1
Total:
20

Total

2014 Census for

Stroke related to
Diabetes

20

MCDGH Stroke Unit

2015
Bleed
Infarct
Total:

Censu
s
2
0
2

Disposition
Trans
out:
1
HAMA:
1
Total
2

2015 Census for

Stroke related to
Diabetes

Risk Factors of Stroke

Having diabetes raises your risk for stroke.
Age

Family background is African American

Already had a stroke before

Family history of stroke

Heart
High
blood
disease
pressure and obese
Overweight
High LDL (bad) cholesterol and low HDL
(good)cholesterollevels
Not physically active
Smoke and alcohol

Risk Factors of Stroke

You can't change some of these risk factors.
But you can lower your chances of having a
stroke by taking care of your diabetes and
tackling some of the other risk factors, such
as losing weight if you're overweight. It's up
to you.

Signs and Symptoms:

Signs and Symptoms:

Weakness or numbness on one side of
body
the
Sudden confusion or trouble
understanding
Trouble talking
Dizziness, loss of balance, or trouble
walking
Trouble seeing out of one or
both eyes / double vision
Severe
headache

Why Stroke is an
Emergency?

How is a stroke diagnosed?

Physical Examination

CT and MRI tests use special scans to

provide images of the brain.
An ECG (electrocardiogram) provides
information on heart rate and rhythm
An ultrasound examination can show
problems in the carotid arteries, which
carry blood from the heart to the brain.
In acerebral arteriogram, a small tube is
inserted into an artery and positioned in
the neck. The health care provider injects
dye into theartery. Then the provider takes
X-rays to look for narrowed or blocked

Treatment
Treatment you
need right
away!!!

"Clot-busting" drugs must be given within hours

after a stroke to minimize damage. Antiplatelet
agents such as aspirin and anticoagulants, such as
warfarin, interfere with the blood's ability to clot and
can play an important role in preventing stroke.
Antihypertensives are medications that treat high
blood pressure. Depending on the type of
medication, they can lower blood pressure by
opening the blood vessels, decreasing blood volume
or decreasing the rate and/or force of heart
contraction.

Ischemic Stroke Treatment

tPA, the Gold
Standard

The only FDA approved treatment for

ischemic strokes is tissue plasminogen
activator.
Works by dissolving the clot and improving
blood flow to the part of the brain being
deprived of blood flow. If administered
within 3 hours(and up to 4.5 hours in
certain eligible patients), tPA may improve
the chances of recovering from a stroke.
A significant number of stroke victims dont
get to the hospital in time for tPA treatment;

Ischemic Stroke Treatment

Endovasc
ular
Procedure
Another treatment
s
procedure
in which

option is an endovascular
specially trained doctors try
removing the blood clot by sending a catheter to
the site of the blocked blood vessel in the brain.
Sometimes these procedures involve tPA being
administered directly into the blood clot (called
intra-arterial treatment) to help dissolve the
blockage. In other procedures, the doctor may
attempt
to
remove
the
clot.

*Note: Patients must meet certain criteria to be

Hemorrhagic Stroke Treatment

Endovasc
ular
Procedure
Endovascular
procedures
s

may be used to
treat certain hemorrhagic strokes similar to
the way the procedure is used for treating an
ischemic stroke. These procedures are less
invasive than surgical treatments, and involve
the use of a catheter introduced through a
major artery in the leg or arm, then guided to
theaneurysmorAVM; it then deposits a
mechanical agent, such as a coil, to prevent

Hemorrhagic Stroke Treatment

Surgical
Treatment

For strokes caused by a bleed within the

brain (hemorrhagic stroke), or by an
abnormal tangle of blood vessels (AVM),
surgical treatment may be done to stop
the bleeding. If the bleed is caused by a
ruptured aneurysm (swelling of the vessel
that breaks), a metal clip may be placed
surgically at the base of the aneurysm to
secure it.

Treatment
The way you are cared for
following a stroke includes
treatments and exercises
to restore function or help
people
relearn
skills.
Physical,
occupational
and speech therapy may
be included, as well as
psychological counseling.

Treatment
Steps to prevent future
include quitting smoking,
physical
activity,
bloodglucose,
blood
cholesterol levels.

problems should
healthy eating,
to
manage
pressure
and

Prevention

Dont Smoke.
Keep your blood sugar levels controlled.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Exercise regularly.
Have your cholesterol checked (especially your LDL,
or "bad," cholesterol) and if necessary, lower your
levels by limiting the amount of fat and cholesterol
you eat. The target should be an LDL level of less
than100 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter). Some
experts recommend even lower levels (less than 70
mg/dl) for those considered very high risk.

Prevention
Limit the amount of alcohol you drink. Guidelines
are one drink per day for women and two drinks
a day for men.
Have your blood pressure checked and control
yourblood pressure, if necessary.
Follow your health care provider's instructions
for changingyour diet.
Follow your health care provider's instructions
for taking preventive medicines.
Take daily aspirin therapy as prescribed by
your doctor.