TYPES OF STRUCTURAL

SYSTEMS
TOPICS INCLUDED :

STABILITY OF STRUCTURES
EQUILIBRIUM OF
STRUCTURES.
FRAMES
SHEAR WALL

STABILITY OF
STRUCTURES
Resistance offered by a structure to
undesirable movement like sliding, collapsing
and over turning etc is called stability.
A structure may be in EQUILIBRIUM but not
STABLE. fig (ii).
So, we have to ensure a structure as a whole
is stable.

Fig (i)

Fig

EQUILIBRIUM OF
STRUCTURES

Loads

Horizontal loads may overturn

a tall structure.
As height of building rises
consideration of stiffness
Taller
building
decides
design.
Building

FOUNDATION

FRAMES
Frame is a structure which derives its resistance from rigidity of
connection between column and beam and slab.
Drift consists of 2 parts :
i) bending in columns and beams
ii) axial deformation of columns.
As the height to width of structure
increases the effect of column axial
deformation assumes greater significance.

SHEAR WALL

Reinforced concrete (RC) buildings often have vertical platelike RC walls called Shear Walls.
These walls generally start at foundation level and are
continuous throughout the building height.
Shear walls are usually provided along both
length and width of buildings.
Excellent structural system to resist earthquake.

SHEAR WALL
PLACEMENT OF SHEAR WALLS
(contd.)

Symmetrically located to avoid twisting.

Symmetry can be along one or both directions.
More effective when located along exterior perimeter of
building.

SHEAR WALL (contd.)

SHEAR WALL TYPES

Monolithic shear walls are classified as short, squat or

cantilever according to their height to depth ratio.

Generally shear walls are either plane or flanged in section,

while core walls consists of channel sections.

SHEAR WALL( contd.)

COUPLED SHEAR WALL

Openings generally occur in vertical rows throughout the

height of the wall.
Connection between the wall segments is provided either
by connecting beams or floor slabs or both.

SHEAR WALL (contd.)

SHEAR WALL-FRAME

Denotes combination of frames and shear walls.

More economic design because shear wall moments are
reduced, less reinforcing is required as frame takes over
some of the lateral load moments.
The introduction of deep vertical elements( shear walls)
represents a structurally efficient solution to the problem of
stiffening the frame system.

SHEAR WALL(contd.)
SHEAR WALL- FRAME INTERACTION

Buildings has walls and frames which shear lateral loads.

If walls are too rigid compared to frames, frames deform as
per walls.
If frames are too rigid compared to walls, walls deform as
per frames.
Walls and frames are comparable, then interaction through
floor diaphragm.