CHAPTER 6

LAND AND ITS RESOURCES

Mineral is
natural
element or
compound
found in
the earths
crust
Example :
Calcite,
feldsper,
quarts,
mica,marbl
e, and
silicate

Various
minerals
found in
the
earths
crust

Only
inactive
elements
can exist
freely in
earth crust

PROPERTIES OF MINERALS
SOLUBILITY
SOLUBILITY

HARDNESS
HARDNESS

REACTION TO
HEAT
REACTION TO
HEAT

-all
-all mineral
mineral of
of metal
metal oxide,
oxide, sulphides
sulphides and
and
carbonates
carbonates are
are insoluble
insoluble
-only
-only metallic
metallic pottasium
pottasium &
& sodium
sodium compund
compund is
is
soluble
soluble
-most minerals is hard
-most
minerals
is hard
-all minerals
made
up of carbonates, oxide &
-all
minerals
made up of carbonates, oxide &
sulphide
are hard
sulphide
hard
-Diamondare
is hardest
, talc is the soffest
-Diamond is hardest , talc is the soffest
1)
To test carbon dioxide
- Lime water turns milky
-extinguishes burning splinter
-Changes red bicarbonate indicator
2)
To test Oxygen : glowing splinter will burn
brightly
3)
To test sulphur dioxide :

REACTION BETWEEN
METALS
AND
NON-METALS
NON-METAL
METAL
1) Have shiny surfaces
and can be polished
2) Good heat conductor
3) Good conductor of
electricty
4) Elastic, can be
beaten into specific
shape
5) High melting points
6) Example :
Magnesium, aluminium,
zinc, iron, silver
mercury, gold , copper,
lead

1) Dull surface( do not

shine)
2) Poor heat conductor
3) Poor electrical
conductor
4) Low density
5) Brittle, easilt broken
up,
6) Hight melting points
7) Example : Oxygen,
carbon, sulphur,
bromine, iodine,

REACTION OF METAL
1) METAL + OXYGEN
Metal + oxygen metal oxide
Less reactive metal ( silver, gold,
platinum) do not react with oxygen.

Example :
Potassium + oxygen Potassium oxide
Zinc + Oxygen
Lead + oxygen

REACTION OF METAL
2) METAL + SULPHUR

Less reactive metal less vigorous react

with sulphur
Example:
Sodium + Sulphur Sodium Sulphide
Zinc + Sulphur
Lead + Sulphur