Wireless Broadband Planning & Design

LTE Coverage & Capacity

Dimensioning
Modul 4

Outline

Frequency Bands and Typical deployment areas

Layer 1 Peak Bit Rates
Terminal Categories
Reference Sensitivity
Link Budgets
Propagation model
Uplink link budget
Downlink link budgets
Comparison between GSM/HSPA/LTE
Latency
LTE Refarming to GSM Spectrum
2

Introduction

Performance evaluation : LTE capabilities from the end users and

from the operators point of view
The operator is interested in the network efficiency:

how many customers can be served,

how much data can be provided and how many base station sites are required.

The end user application performance depends on :

available bit rate,

latency and
seamless mobility

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Layer 1 Data Rate

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Layer 1 Data Rate - Downlink

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Layer 1 Data Rate - Uplink

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Terminal Category

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Receiver Sensitivity

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Receiver Sensitivity

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Data Rate Range

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Link Budget - Radiowave Propagation

A propagation model describes the average signal

propagation, and it p p g , converts the maximum
allowed propagation loss to the maximum cell range.
It depends on:
Environment : urban, rural, dense urban, suburban, open, forest,
sea
Distance
Frequency
atmospheric conditions
Indoor/outdoor

Examples : Free space, WalfishIkegami, Okumura

Hata,LongleyRice, Lee, Young

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Radiowave Propagation

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Uplink- Link Budget

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Uplink Parameter Link Budget

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Uplink Parameter Link Budget

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Uplink Parameter Link Budget

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Downlink Parameter Link Budget

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Downlink Parameter Link Budget

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Downlink Parameter Link Budget

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MPL Comparisons

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Link budgets Comparison GSM/HSPA/LTE

The LTE link budget in downlink has several similarities with HSPA and the
maximum path loss is similar.
The uplink part has some differences: smaller interference margin in LTE,
no macro diversity gain in LTE and no fast fading margin in LTE.
The link budgets show that LTE can be deployed using existing GSM and
HSPA sites assuming that the same frequency is used for LTE as for GSM
and HSPA.
LTE itself does not provide any major boost in the coverage. That is
because the transmission power levels and the RF noise figures are also
similar in GSM and HSPA technologies, and the link performance at low
data rates is not much different in LTE than in HSPA.
The link budget was calculated for 64 kbps uplink, which is likely not a high
enough data rate for true broadband service. If we want to guarantee higher
data rates in LTE, we may need low frequency deployment, additional sites,
active antenna solutions or local area solutions.

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Cell Ranges Comparisons

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900 MHz vs. 2600 MHz

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Latency Delay Budget

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LTE Refarming to GSM Spectrum

LTE could be deployed in the

existing GSM spectrum like
900 MHz or 1800 MHz.
The flexible LTE bandwidth
makes refarming easier than
with WCDMA because LTE
can start with 1.4 MHz or 3.0
MHz bandwidths and then
grow later
when the GSM traffic has
decreased.

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Interference coordination

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Sub-channel Strategy

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Dimensioning Capacity Traffic volume based approach

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Dimensioning Capacity Data rate based approach

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Wireless Broadband Planning & Design

End of Section 4
LTE Coverage & Capacity
Dimensioning