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Thyroid gland
is part of the endocrine system of the body
butterfly-shaped gland
It is consist of two lobes (one on either side
triiodothyronine
- it has the most active thyroid hormonal
activity
- almost 75-80% is produced from the
tissue deiodination of T4
- the principal applicaton of this hormone
is in diagnosing t3 thyrotoxicosis
- better indicator of recovery from
hyperthyroidism as well as the
recognition of recurrence of
hyperthyroidism.
Clinical Disorders
1. Hyperthyroidism
Primary hyperthyroidism
- elevated T3 and T4
- decreased TSH
Secondary hyperthyroidism
- increased TSH and FT4 ( due to primary
lesion in the pituitary gland)
A. Thyrotoxicosis
B. Graves disease ( diffuse toxic goiter)
C. Riedels thyroiditis
D. Subclinical hyperthyroidism
E. Subacute granulomatosus/ Subacute
2. Hypothyroidism
- it develops whenever insufficient amounts of
thyroid hormone are available to tissues
- treated with thyroid hormones replacement
therapy (levothyroxine)
Signs and Symptoms:
Brachycardia
Weight gain
Coarsened skin
Cold intolerance
Mental dullness
A. Primary Hypothyroidism
- is primarily due to deficiency of elemental
iodine ( T3 and T4 TSh)
- it is also caused by destruction or ablation of
the thyroid gland
Hashimotos Disease ( chronic autoimmune
thyroiditis
Myxedema
B. Secondary hypothyroidism
- due to pituitary destruction or pituitary
adenoma
- T3 and t4 low levels, TSH is also decreased
C. Tertiary Hypothyroidism
- due to hypotalamic disease
- T3 and T4 low levels, TSH is also decreased
2. TSH test