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System (RDBMS)-I
File based approach
vs
Database approach
Presented By:
Gauravdeep Singh
Objective
Objective of this training is to make all able to
Index
What is file System?
Characteristics of file system
Traditional method of data storage
Problems with Traditional approach
What is database and DBMS?
Advantages of DBMS
Difference between file system and database
File System
File
Flat file
A flat file is a file containing records that have no
structured interrelationship
Data Security
The data as maintained in flat files is easily
Data Redundancy
Often the same information is duplicated in
Data Isolation
Data isolation means that all the related data
Database Approach
Banking System
Hospital Management
Advantages of DBMS
Controlling redundancy
Enforces integrity constraints
Better security
Better flexibility
Effective data sharing
Enables backup and recovery
Controlling Redundancy
Redundant Data
Non-Redundant Database
In case of centralized database, data can
Enforcing Integrity
Constraints
Integrity of data means that data in database is always
accurate.
Integrity constraints are enforced on database.
Example: Let us consider the case of college database and
suppose that college having only Btech, Mtech, MCA, MSc, BCA,
BBA and Bcom. But if a user enters the class MS, then incorrect
information must not be stored in database and must be
prompted that this is an invalid entry. Integrity is to be enforced
on class attribute.
In file system this constraint must be enforced an all the
application separately.
In case of DBMS this integrity constraint is applied only once on
the class field of the General Office.
X (Exclusive Lock)
true
false
false
false
Schedule 1
T1
T2
Lock-X(B);
Read(B,b);
b:=b-50;
Write(B,b)
Unlock(B)
Grant-X(B,T1)
Lock-X(A)
Read(A,a)
a:=a+50;
Write(A,a)
Unlock(A);
Concurrency-control
manager
Lock-S(A);
Read(A,a);
Unlock(A);
Lock-S(B)
Read(B,b);
Unlock(B);
Display(a+b);
Grant-S(A,T2)
Grant-S(B,T2)
Grant-X(A,T2)
Thank You