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3CL1103 - Structural Design - I
R. C. C. Bridge Design
INTRODUCTION
Slab Bridge
Girder and Slab(T-Beam)Bridge
Hollow Girder Bridge
Balanced Cantilever Bridge
Rigid Frame Bridge
Arch Bridge
Bow string girder Bridges
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COMPONENTS OF BRIDGES
I.
II.
III.
Superstructure
Substructure and
Foundations
COMPONENT OF BRIDGES
No.
According to
Types
Aqueduct, viaduct,
pedestrian, highway,
railway, Road cum rail,
Pipeline
Material of construction
Type of superstructure
Simple, cantilever,
continuous
Connection
Length of bridge
Degree of Redundancy
Determinate or Indeterminate
10
Duration of Service
6. Vertical clearances
it is the height from the design HFL with afflux of
the channel to the lowest point of the bridge super
structure.
7. Restricted waterway
it should be determind , giving careful consideration to
the resulting effects like erosion of channel etc..
8. Obstruction and River training
obstruction in the channel bed likely to divert the current
and cause disturbed flow thereby endanger the safety of
the bridge shall be removed.
9. Determination of depth of scour
max depth of scour to be taken for the designing
foundation
10. Kerb
11. Width of carriageway, footpath and median
width of carriageway depends on single or multiple lane
bridge,footpath shall not be less than 1.5m,median,or
central verge is constructed in wide bridge to provide two
separate carriageways.
12. Super elevation
It shall be provided on the deck of bridge on a horizontal
curve,due allowance shall be made for the effect of
superelevation on the stresses in the various members of
the bridges.
13. Utilities
14. Railing parapet or guide post
15. Drainage of carriage way and surface finishes
the high level bridges may preferably be built in longitudinal
gradient with suitably designed cross drains at abutment
location to facilitate proper drainage
16. Access for inspection and maintenance
17. Road signs and signals
18. Clearances
The min horizontal shall be the clear width and the min
vertical clearance is the height available for the passage
of traffic , it is given for the single and multilane bridge.
provision of
Dead load
Live load
Impact load
Wind load
Miscellaneous loads due to braking of vehicle,
temprature change, earthquake and other causes.
CARRIAGEWAY WIDTH
37.5
37.5
62.5
0.300
0.300
0.300
kN
62.5
0.700
0.300
0.300
0.300
Minimum
value of C
Single lane
bridges
1.000
Direction
of motion
1.050
1.200
CARRIAGEWAY
WIDTH
PLAN
0.3 m
0.6 m
5.5 m or above
1.2 m
4.570 m
350 kN
0.840 m
2.900 m
350 kN
0.840 m
20.1 m and
above but less
than 23.6 m
Reduction in longitudinal
effect
No reduction
10 % reduction
20 % reduction
20 % reduction
IMPACT LOADING
The impact factor considered for different classes
of IRC loadings are as follows :
(1) For IRC Class A and B loading: The impact
allowance is expressed as fraction of the applied
live load and is computed by expression
(for span between 3 to 45m)
I = A / (B+L)
Where
I = Impact factor fraction
A= Constant having value of 4.5 for RCC bridges
and 9.0 for steel bridges
B= Constant having a value 6 for RCC bridges
and 13.5 for steel bridges
L= Span in meters
DESIGN APPROACH
Design of section
jd
nd
A
Ast
T
n x d = mcb
xd
mcb x st
jxd=
d (n x d /3) = (1 n ) x d
3
Moment of resstance
M.R. = cb x b x nd x jd
2
= cb x n x j x bd2
2
Slab bridge
i.
ii.
iii.
i.
ii.
DESIGN OF RC SLAB
CULVERT
a
1
b1
b eff=
lo
Where,
b eff = width of the slab over which the load is effective
lo= effective span of the simply supported slab
(clear span in case of continuous slabs)
a = distance of the centre of gravity of the concentrated
load from the nearest support
= a constant having values depending on B/l values
b1 = width of the dispersion =
= breadth of contact area + 2 x thickness of contact area
Deck Slab
Cantilever Portion
Footpaths, if provided,kerbs & handrails
Longitudinal girders,considered in design to be of T section
Cross beams or diaprhagms
Wearing coat
Width of kerb- 475 to 600 mm
Wearing coat- 56mm asphaltic concrete
75mm cement concrete
Footpath- Width @ 1.5m on one side or on both the sides
Longitudinal girder :
Cross beams :
Stiffening the girders and reduce torsion in
external girder
Equalizes deflection of girder by distributing load
from heavy to light girder
If spacing is less than 1.8 m, deck slab is designed
as two way slab
Thickness of cross beam should be less than web
of main girder or it should equal to main girder
For Designing of cross beams :
Loads : self weight, load from deck and wearing
coat and live load is considered.
For analysis it should be considered as continuous.
Depth of cross beams is same as main beam or
0.75 times the main beam.
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