Bab IV

Membangun Kota untuk Manusia

Melalui
Angkutan Umum
Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki
Fasilitas Sepeda

A city friendly to cars, or a city

friendly to people?
There are conflicts

Cars are extremely recent in

human history

When cars appeared we should have

started to build a parallel road network:
One for cars and the other exclusively
pedestrian. Indonesian cities can still
easily do it.

ALAMEDA EL PORVENIR

ALAMEDA EL PORVENIR

ALAMEDA EL PORVENIR

ALAMEDA EL PORVENIR

Why not structure the Jakarta yet

to be built around a pedestrian
and bicycle street network
hundreds or thousands of
kilometers long?

EL PORVENIR PROMENADE

ALAMEDA EL PORVENIR

Sidewalks are the most important

element of a civilized citys
infrastructure.

Cars parked on sidewalks, or

parking bays where there should
be sidewalk, are symbols of
inequality and lack of democracy

People v.s Cars

After

Before

Symbol: Pedestrians are important

Before

Quality sidewalks are a symbol

that shows that citizens who walk
are as important as those who
have a car

PUBLIC SPACE

Sidewalks are as integral to a

transit system as the trains or the
buses.

Is public pedestrian space a

frivolity in a developing country
city facing many difficult
challenges?

Seattle

Despite giant highways,

Atlanta has more
traffic jams every
year.

Solving traffic jams with more or

bigger highways is like putting out
a fire with gasoline.

For traffic it is the same to double

the number of cars, as to have the
same cars do twice the distance.

Neither New York nor any

European city have an elevated
highway through their core.

Bogot choose not to embark on a

US $ 10 billion highways program
proposed by JICA and instead
decided to restrict car use and create
quality public transport.

CICLOVAS EN BOGOT

JUAN AMARILLO GREENWAY

Bicycles are not a minor issue.

They are central to the good
city of the future.

All advanced world cities are

trying to promote more bicycle
use.

Bicycles are not for the poor:

Denmark and the Netherlands
have a higher income per capita
than the United States. And nearly
40 % of their population use the
bicycle daily.

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

Car use restrictions can include:

Scarce parking as in New York;
administrative restrictions by
license plate numbers as
Mexico or Sao Paulo;
congestion charging such as
London; or simply traffic
jamswhich is wisest?

Traffic jams are effective means to

achieve:
- Public transport use
- Density

Bogot: Tag number based restrictions

Peak hour and Tag ( Pico y Placa )

93% population support

Bogot: CAR FREE DAY

During 13 hours all citizens meet as equals in public transport,

bicycles or walking. It builds community

Bogot: CAR FREE DAY

TRANSMILENIO

TransMilenio today:
-

1,6 million passengers daily

84 kilometers of trunk lines.
510 kilometers of feeder lines.
27 kilometers per hour
20% of passengers are car owners

TRANSMILENIO

TransMilenio moves 43.000

passengers / kilometer / hour /
direction:
More than most of the world subways,
at a similar speed and a fraction of
the cost.

Bus Rapid Transit systems are also

a symbol that show that public
good prevails over private
interest because road space is
allocated first to public transport.

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

CICLOVAS

TRANSMILENIO

TransJakarta is a demonstration of
political vision and courage.
It can be improved. But Paris
subway was built 120 years ago.

Being responsible: Is there a

serious alternative to TransJakarta?

Even if a rail line, or two or more are

built, buses are the only possibility
Jakarta has to provide public
transport to all areas of the city.

Even 7 Colombian cities different from

Bogot are constructing BRTs
(including Medelln which already
has a subway).

Zurich is Europes richest city. Yet

60% of its population takes public
transport every day and 20% walk
or bicycle.

A billionaire in London does not mind

riding public transport next to anyone.
92% of residents in central London, one
of the worlds most expensive quarters,
use public transport.

Manhattan is probably the richest city

in the world. Yet, more than 90% of its
inhabitants do not own a car. They use
public transport.
And if they want to go the week-end to
the beach or the countryside, they rent
a car.

Yet many upper middle class

citizens of developing cities would
not go near a bus or a subway.

In a truly advanced city, rich and

poor are integrated as equals
in many locations and
activities:
Transport, sidewalks, bicycleways, libraries, parks, cultural
activities.

In terms of transport, a good

city is not one with great
highways but rather one where
a child in a bicycle could go
safely everywhere.