PILE BEARING CAPACILY

Focus
on:

BETA METHOD

Prepared by:
Mujab Abdelgani
Supervision:
Dr. Abusamra Awad

What are the load carrying

mechanisms of piles?
End

bearing cum friction piles carry vertical

compressive loads partly by means of
resistance offered by the hard stratum at the
tip of the pile and partly by the friction
developed between the pile shaft and soil
Pure friction piles carry the major part of loads
only by means of friction developed between
pile shaft and soil; and pure End bearing piles
only by means of bearing resistance at the tip
of the pile
In both the above cases lateral loads are
carried by the lateral resistance offered by the
surrounding soil.

Direction of pile loading

Load distribution along pile

Pile Foundation Axial Load Capacity

Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles

With the increasing load on a pile initially the
resistance is offered by side friction and when the side
resistance is fully mobilized to the shear strength of
soil, the rest of load is supported by pile end. At certain
load the soil at the pile end fails, usually in punching
shear, which is defined as the ultimate load capacity of
pile.

Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles

Pile Foundation Axial Load Capacity

Determining Axial Capacity of Piles
Load

Test
Static Analysis Based on estimated
strength and stress
Dynamic Analysis based on energy
or wave equation

Static
analy
sis

Point Load capacity of Pile: General

Bearing
Capacity approach

Ultimate bearing capacity of soil considering general

bearing capacity equation. Shape, inclination, and
depth factors are included in bearing capacity factors

Since

pile diameter is relatively small, third

term may be dropped out

Hence Pile load capacity

Point Load capacity of Pile:

Meyerhofs (1976) Method
Granular soils:
Point bearing capacity of pile increases with depth in
sands and reaches its maximum at an embedment ratio
L/D = (L/D)cr. Therefore, the point load capacity of pile is

value typically ranges from 15D for loose to

medium sand to 20D for dense sands.
Correlation of limiting point resistance with SPT
value
N value shall be taken as an average for a zone ranging
from 10D above to 4D below the pile point.

Saturated Clays:

Point Load capacity of Pile:

Meyerhofs (1976) Method

Point Load capacity of Pile: Vesics

(1977) Method
Pile point bearing capacity based on the theory of
expansion of cavities

Point Load capacity of Pile:

Janbus (1976) Method

Point Load capacity of Pile: Coyle

and Costellos (1981)Method for
Granular Soils

Point Load Capacity of Pile resting

on Rock

To consider the influence of distributed

fractures in rock which are not reflected
by the compression tests on small
samples, the compression strength for
design is taken as

Skin Friction Resistance In Sand

The frictional resistance of pile may be computed
as
The unit frictional resistance increases with the depth
and reaches its maximum at the depth of approximately
15D to 20D, as shown in the adjacent figure.

Soil-Pile

interface
friction
angle varies from 0.5' to
0.8'
.Earth
pressure
coefficient (K) depends on
both soil type and pile
installation.

Frictional (Skin) Resistance in

Clay

 - Method
When

piles are driven into saturated

clays, the pore water pressure in the
soil around the piles increases.

Pile driving u ( 4 ~
6 Cu), the soil becomes
remolded
after
u
dissipated

Method
Hence,
the unit frictional resistance for the pile
can be determined on the basis of the
effective stress parameters of the clay in a
remolded state Thus, at any depth,

Exampl
e:

Refer to the pile in saturated clay shown in Figure below .

For the pile,

Calculate the skin resistance by the method. For the
method, use for all clay layers. The top 10 m of clay is
normally consolidated. The bottom clay layer has an OCR =
2. (Note: diameter of pile 406 mm)

Solution
: