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Airfoil Aerodynamics
Aerodynamic Coefficients
Cl = (Lift force/unit span)/(q c)
Cd = (Drag force/unit span)/(q c)
Cm = (Pitching moment/unit span)/(q c 2)
where
q is the dynamic pressure, q = 0.5 V2,
and c is the airfoil chord
Some Questions
What is an airfoil?
Some Questions
What is an airfoil?
What aerodynamic characteristics are we
interested in knowing?
Some Questions
What is an airfoil?
What aerodynamic characteristics are we
interested in knowing?
What are the geometric parameters that
describe an airfoil?
Some Questions
What is an airfoil?
What aerodynamic characteristics are we
interested in knowing?
What are the geometric parameters that
describe an airfoil?
What are the factors that influence the
aerodynamic characteristics?
Airfoil Geometry
From NASA
Sp-367 by Taly
From NASA
Sp-367 by Taly
From Introduction
to Flight by
Anderson
Drag
Bucket
Nose radius
Camber
Maximum camber
Location of max camber
Aerofoil Thickness
What is the influence of thickness?
Aerofoil Thickness
What is the influence of thickness?
Influence of t/c on lift coefficient
Clmax increases with increasing t/c up to t/c in
the order of 13-15% at t/c > 15% begins to
Clmax decrease.
Aerofoil Thickness
What is the influence of thickness?
Influence of t/c on lift coefficient
Clmax increases with increasing t/c up to t/c in the
order of 13-15% at t/c > 15% begins to Clmax
decrease.
Camber
What is the influence of camber on the
aerodynamic characteristics?
Camber
What is the influence of camber on the
aerodynamic characteristics?
Increasing camber increases zero lift
angle of attack.
Camber
What is the influence of camber on the
aerodynamic characteristics?
Increasing camber increases zero lift
angle of attack.
Camber can be used to get a low drag
coefficient at the designed lift coefficient.
Camber
What is the influence of camber on the
aerodynamic characteristics?
Increasing camber increases zero lift
angle of attack.
Camber can be used to get a low drag
coefficient at the designed lift coefficient.
The maximum lift coefficient of moderately
cambered airfoil sections increase with
increasing camber.
Camber
What is the influence of camber on the
aerodynamic characteristics?
Increasing camber increases zero lift angle of attack.
Camber can be used to get a low drag coefficient at
the designed lift coefficient.
The maximum lift coefficient of moderately cambered
airfoil sections increase with increasing camber.
Camber can effect the stall behavior.
For airfoil sections that have the maximum camber far
forward the stall is very abrupt