INFINITIVE AND

GERUND

INFINITIVE

THE INFINITIVE IS USED :

TO EXPRESS PURPOSE
I WENT TO THE POST OFFICE
TO POST SOME LETTERS.

After it + be + adjective
(its nice, it was stupid, etc.)
It was great to
see you such a
long time

After certain adjectives:

afraid, surprised, free, happy
ready sorry.

AT LAST HE WAS FREE

TO DO WHAT HE
WANTED.

After too and enough

LAURA IS TOO TIRED
TO GO JOGGING TODAY.
IT ISNT WARM ENOUGH
TO GO TO THE SEA YET.

AFTER CERTAIN VERBS:

AFFORD - AGREE - APPEAR DECIDE FORGET - HOPE LEARN - MANAGE - NEED
OFFER - PLAN - PROMISE REFUSE - SEEM TEND WANT
WOULD LIKE ETC.

 I HOPE TO SEE YOU AGAIN

SOON.

AFTER THE OBJECTS OF

CERTAIN VERBS :

ADVISE - ALLOW ENCOURAGE - INVITE

- ORDER - PERSUADE
- TEACH TELL ETC.

 I TOLDMY ASSISTANTTO
SENDTHE LETTER.

IADVISED MY FRIEND NOT

TO SELLHIS HOUSE
.

After questions words:

(how, what, when, where, etc. )

I DONT KNOW WHAT TO DO.

THE BARE INFINITIVE IS USED:

AFTER MODALS VERBS :

CAN, MAY , MUST,
SHOULD,ETC.
YOU SHOULD START
THINKING ABOUT YOUR
FUTURE.

AFTER VERBS LET AND MAKE

IN THE ACTIVE VOICE.
MY PARENTS LET ME STAY
UP LATER AT WEEKENDS.

OUR TEACHER MADE US

RETAKE THE TEST.

AFTER WOULD RATHER

AND HAD BETTER
Id rather go to the cinema
tonight.

ING FORMS
GERUND

THE ING FORM IS USED :

AS THE SUBJECT OF A VERB.
EXERCISING IS A GOOD WAY OF
KEEPING FIT.

AFTER THE VERB: GO,

INDICATING PHYSICAL
ACTIVITIES
WE OFTEN GO FISHING IN THE
SUMMER.

AFTER CERTAIN VERBS:

AVOID , ENJOY, FINISH,
LIKE, LOVE , HATE, IMAGINE,
KEEP, RISK, SPEND(TIME) ,
SUGGEST, CONSIDER, ETC.
MARTIN SUGGESTED GOING TO
THE THEATRE ON FRIDAY.

AFTER CERTAIN EXPRESSIONS:

(be interested in, cant stand, dont
mind, how about, its no use, its no
good , its worth, theres no
point(in) ,be used to, etc. )

ITS NO USE TRYING TO

DO EVERYTHING YOURSELF.

AFTER PREPOSITIONS: FOR, ABOUT, WITHOUT, ETC.

IM SO EXCITED ABOUT
GOING TO UNIVERSITY
NEXT YEAR.

VERBS FOLLOWED BY
INFINITIVE AND ING FORM
SOME VERBS SUCH AS :
START, BEGIN, CONTINUE, INTEND,
ETC. CAN BE FOLLOWED BY THE
INFINITIVE OR
OR GERUND (ING FORM) WITH NO
DIFFERENCE IN MEANING.

It started to rain / raining a minute ago.

Some verbs can be followed by either the full

Infinitive or the ing form,but with a
Difference in meaning :
Remember + ing form

Remember something that has already

happened.
Example:
I remember
visiting Paris in 2008.

Remember + full infinitive=

Remember something before doing it.

Example:

Did you remember to lock the

door before you lef?

Forget + ing form

Forget something that has already
Happened.
Example:

Ill never forget visiting the White House.

Forget + full ininitive

Forget something you are suposed to
do.
Example:
Jose forgot to tell you that he was
going away for the weekend.

Complete with an infinitive.

Example:
Im planning to take a vacation next month.
Do- not drive - go - learn - leave - not make - meet

1. A: Hi, Im Su-jin.
to meet
B: Im Renata. Nice ____________
you.
to do
2. What do you want ____________
this evening?
to go
3. I need _________
to the bank. I dont have any
money.
not to make noise. Your fathers asleep.
4. Try ___________
to learn
5. Id really like _____________
a new language.
not to drive too fast on the way home.
6. Be careful __________
to leave
7. She decided ____________
her husband.

Complete the sentences with a verb in the ing form.

be - do - go - learn - study - talk - teach - remember
I dont enjoy

doing

housework.

remembering
1. My mother is very bad at _____________
names.
Teaching
2. __________
teenagers is really hard work.
learning
3. You cant sing well without __________
to
breathe properly.
talking
4. My sister spends hours on the phone _________
to her boyfriend.
being
5. I hate _________
the first to arrive at parties.
Going
6. _______
by train is cheaper than by plane.
7. Ill keep on ____________
until dinner time.
studying