Antibiotik topikal

MACP 2113

Disediakan oleh:
Pengajar U41
Kolej Pembantu Perubatan, Ulu Kinta

OBJEKT
IF
1. Memberi definisi ubatan
antibiotik topikal.
2. Menyatakan tujuan/ indikasi ubat.
3. Menyatakan dos dan contoh ubat.

4. Menyatakan kaedah pemberian

ubat.
5. Menyatakan tindakan ubat.
6. Menerangkan kesan sampingan
dan kontraindikasi ubat.
7. Memberikan nasihat spesifik
dalam pengambilan ubat.

Antibiotik
Topikal

Antibiotik topikal
Adalah ubat yang
digunakan untuk merawat
jangkitan bakteria topikal
(luaran).

Tindakan
Bacteriostatic (menghalang
pembiakan/ pertumbuhan
bakteria)
Bactericidal (membunuh
bakteria)

Contoh
ubat

chloramphenicol
(Chloromycetin)
chlortetracycline
(Aureomycin)
neomycin (Neosporin)
gentamycin (Garamycin)
sulphacetamide (Albucid)

1. chloramphenicol
(Chloromycetin 0.5% Eye Drop)
Category: C
Broad spectrum.
Bacteriostatic (prevent cell
replication)
Mudah diserap ke dalam mata.

Indication
Bacterial infection of the
eye
Konjunctivitis - semua
peringkat umur
Blepharitis
Abrasi kornea - pencegahan

Dose
1-2 drops every 3-4 hours
Reduce frequency (once
infection is controlled)
Continue for 48 hour after
healing (1-2 drops qid)

2. chloramphenicol
(Chloromycetin 1% Eye Oinment)
Category: C
Broad spectrum.
Bacteriostatic (prevent cell
replication)
Mudah diserap ke dalam mata.

Indication
Bacterial infection of the eye
Konjunctivitis - semua
peringkat umur
Blepharitis
Abrasi kornea - pencegahan

Dose
Apply of ointment into
conjunctival sac at night (if
eye drops used during day
time) or
Apply of ointment into
conjunctival sac tid-qid (if
eye oinment used alone)

Kesan sampingan
Allergic
Irritation, burning, itching, urticaria

Superinfection
Bone marrow hypoplasia (long
term)
Aplastic anemia (long term)

Contraindication
Allergic to chloramphenicol

Cautious

Renal/ hepatic failure

G6PD deficiency
Pregnancy
Lactation

3. chlortetracycline
(Aureomycin 1% Eye Oinment)
Category: B
Broad spectrum.
Bacteriostatic
Berkesan terhadap organisma
Gram +ve dan Gram ve.

Indication
Superficial bacterial infection
of the eye (gram +ve & -ve
including trachoma)
Eyelid infection

Dose
Apply 1 drop tid-qid (if eye
oinment used alone)

Kesan sampingan
Allergic
Irritation, burning, itching, urticaria

Superinfection

Contraindication
Allergic to chlortetracycline

4. neomycin
(Neosporin Eye Drop)
Category: B

Sering digunakan bersama

kortikosteroid.
Bactericidal (Inhibit protein
synthesis, destroy bacterial
cell wall).

Indication
Superficial bacterial infection
of the eye (gram -ve)

Dose
1-2 drops bid-qid
Severe infection: 1-2 drops
every 15-30 mins

Kesan
Sampingan

Urticaria
Itching
Irritation
Pain
Dermatitis
Rash

Contraindication
Allergic to neomycin
Pregnancy
Lactation

5. gentamycin
(Garamycin 0.3% Eye Drop)
Category: A

Bactericidal (Inhibit protein

synthesis, destroy bacterial
cell wall).

Indication
Superficial bacterial
infection of the eye
(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

Dose
1-2 drops bid-qid

6. Gentamycin
(Garamycin Eye Oinment)
Category: A

Bactericidal (Inhibit protein

synthesis, destroy bacterial
cell wall).

Indication
Superficial bacterial infection
of the eye (Pseudomonas
aeruginosa)

Dose
Apply into the conjunctival
sac tid-qid

Kesan
Sampingan

Transient irritation
Burning
Stinging
Itching
Dermatitis
Superinfection

Contraindication
Allergic to gentamycin

Cautious
Contact lens users
Pregnancy
Lactation

7. sulphacetamide
(Albucid 10% Eye Drop)
Category: B

Bakteriostatik

Indication
Mild infection of conjunctiva
Eyelid infection
Industrial eye injuries

Dose
Apply 1-2 drops every 2-6
hours

Kesan
Sampingan

Iritation
Itching
Dermatitis

Contraindication
Allergic to sulphacetamide

Interactions
Not found

Anti-Viral
Topikal

Antibiotik topikal
Adalah ubat yang
digunakan untuk
merawat jangkitan virus
pada mata.

Tindakan
Interferes with viral
reproduction by altering DNA
synthesis.

Contoh
ubat

acyclovir (Zovirax)

1. acyclovir
(Zovirax 3% Eye Oinment)
Category: A*

Indication
Herpes Simplex
keratitis

Dose
Applied 1cm into conjunctival
sac 5 times/day.
Continue for about 3 days
after healing.

Kesan
Sampingan
Iritation
Inflammation
Edema of eyelids
Allergic reactions
photophobia

Contraindication
Allergic to drugs

Interactions
Not found

1.

Soala
n
Berikan definisi serta terangkan

cara tindakan Antibiotik topikal?

2. Senaraikan ubat-ubat Antibiotik
topikal?
3. Nyatakan kesan sampingan
serta kontraindikasi ubat
Antibiotik topikal?