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SENKA 2015
FV 20/05/2015
PROFESSIONAL
EXPERIENCE
EDUCATION
BSc
FV 20/05/2015
ITB
1992 1996
Electric
Power
Engineeri
ng
Chalmers
University
of
Technolog
y,
Sweden
2002 2003
Chevron,
Indonesia
1996 2003
PhD
Power
Systems
Chalmers
University
of
Technolog
y,
Sweden
2004 2008
Chalmers
University
of
Technolog
y,
Sweden
2004
2008
ABB
Research
Centre
Sweden
2007
2009
Jacobs,
Australia
2009 now
FV 20/05/2015
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FV 20/05/2015
1) Background
2) Brief Overview
3) Generator & Power Plant Modelling
4) Generator Reactive Power Capability
5) Stabilities
6) Fault Ride Through Capability
7) Frequency Operation Capability
8) Other Assessments
9) Summary
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Background
Indonesia has targeted to install 35.000
MW generation in 2015 2019
Significant to the current Indonesian
generation capacity
Greatly affect the operation of Indonesian
power systems
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Background
Proper network planning studies must have been
carried out
Network development vs generation connection
Ensure that the network will be capable in accommodating
the connection of the new generators
Identification
Planning &
Initial Design
Detailed
Design
Implementat
ion
Grid Codes
Generators and the entire power system must
meets the minimum technical requirement
Transmission network operators set technical
rules governing the operation, maintenance and
development of the power systems (Grid codes)
Designed to promote secure and efficient operation
of the power systems
System remains stable
Voltages near rated values
Low losses
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Grid Codes
Many grid codes nowadays require
generation to provide simulation models of
the proposed power plants
Generator connection compliance to be
assessed in both model assessment
(simulations) and field test assessment
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Generator Connection
Studies &
Grid
Code
Assessments
Any violation may require
Generator and power plant
modelling
Should Circuit impact
Equipment loading violation
Voltage violation
Reactive power capability
Stabilities
Fault ride through capability
Frequency operation capability
Load frequency control
capability
Excitation control system
Oscillation damping capability
etc.
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discussion/agreement between
generator and network operator
Exclusions
Non compliance impact
Impact mitigation (network
reinforcement)
Cost of mitigation, etc.
Different requirements are
normally applied for conventional
(synchronous generator) and non
conventional generators.
This presentation
focuses on conventional
generators
11
12
13
Steady State
Lacking Absorption
Capability
Overvoltage
Sufficient
Capability
Voltage maintained at
the desired level
Lacking Generation
Capability
Undervoltage
(voltage collapse)
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14
1.9
3.9
5.9
7.9
9.9
Time (s)
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15
1.9
3.9
5.9
7.9
9.9
Time (s)
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16
Requirement on Generator
Minimum Reactive Power
Capability
1
Rated power
NEM
Ireland
Eirgrid
SWIS
UK
NGET
-0.7 pf
-0.9 pf
0.8
0.6
Active power, P (pu)
0.4
0.2
-0.5
0.5
1.5
NEMA : National Electricity Market Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, SouthAustraliaand
Tasmania)
SWIS : South West Interconnected System (Western Australia)
For UK NGET :
At Active Power output levels other than Rated MW, Synchronous Generating Units must be capable
of continuous operation at any point between the Reactive Power capability limits identified on the
Generator Performance Chart.
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LOOSE requirement
Network reinforcement to maintain reliabilit
Otherwise, compromised system reliability
Key issues :
- Equal treatment among participants
- Network operator get what they set
- Network planning determined requirement
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Stabilities
Power system operation criteria
Power system should remain in synchronism and be
stable following credible contingency events
Operating condition
Fault location
Fault type
Fault clearing time
Power System
Stability
Rotor Angle
Stability
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Frequency
Stability
Voltage
Stability
19
20
21
Frequency Stability
Problem
22
Stabilities
Impact of generator connection
Generator could potentially improve system
stability
However, generator could also reduce the
system stability
Generator itself could be unstable.
Generator causes other generator to be
unstable.
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210
180
150
120
0.5
-60
-90
Without Gen B
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
-120
-150
-180
-210
Time (sec)
24
Stabilities
Assessment
Impact of generator connection should be assessed by
comparing stability of the system following credible
contingency events, before generator connection and
after generator connection
Simulations to be carried out on a power system
model which accurately represent the complete
network
Dynamic characteristics of all power system
components in the network need to be accurately
modelled
Mitigation for the reduced stability or reduced power
transfer capability may needs implementation a
certain protection/control scheme, protection upgrade,
power system reinforcement, etc.
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0.9
0.8
0.7
Voltage
0.6 (pu)
0.5
UK NGET
Ireland Eirgrid
Germany E-ON 2006
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.5
1.5
2.5
Time (sec)
Many grid codes, including all above, have different fault ride
through requirement for non synchronous generators
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Fault
28
Frequency Operation
Capability
Generators should remain in continuous
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Other Assessments
Tests
Load frequency control capability
Excitation control system
Oscillation damping capability
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Summary
Generator connection affects network
operation
Generator connection studies are carried
out to identify what would the generator
connection impact to the grid
Generator meets the minimum technical
requirement as determined by Grid Codes
Generator connection does not cause negative
impact
If does, how to mitigate the impact
Grid get maximum benefit from the connection
of new generator
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Thank you
Ferry.Viawan@jacobs.com
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