means of obtaining

nursing knowledge is
through:
Trial and Error
Tradition
Scientific Inquiry
Experience

The major reason of conducting

nursing research is to :
Promote evidence-based care for
patients and clients
Promote growth for the nursing
profession.
Document the cost-effectiveness of
the interventions done by nurses
Ensure the accountability of the
nursing profession.

Which of the following statements

distinguishes quantitative from
qualitative research?
Hypotheses are more likely to be
tested in quantitative research.
Quantitative research aims to
create a new theory.
Quantitative collects covert data
from the patients/participants.
Quantitative data involves rejecting
of an alternative hypothesis.

Nursing leaders have

called for research
focusing on which of the
following topics?
Quality of care
Patient safety
End-life care
All of these

As nurses first began to

receive advance nursing
education, most of the
researches focused on:
Nursing Education
Nursing Administration
Community Health
Nursing
Nursing Care

Which of the following code

of ethics requires informed
consent in all cases
governing human subjects?
A. Helsinki Declaration
B. Belmont Report
C. Nuremberg Code
D. ICN Code of Ethics

conducting literature review

before carrying a research
project is:
to determine existing knowledge
about the topic
to help select an optimum
sample size
to discover the most appropriate
instrument and design for the
topic
to prevent any duplication of the

The plan on how the

researcher will carry out
the entire study is known
as:
Hypothesis
Data-collection method
Research process
Design

The small group

selected from the larger
group to participate in
the study is known as:
Element
Study population
Sample population
Sample

At what point should the

statistician be consulted
initially about your study?
Early phase of the study
Immediately before the are
collected
After the data have been
collected
Before the data have been
analyzed

A friend is asking you to

differentiate conceptual
definition form operational
definition. You are correct if you
utilized the following
operational definition of PAIN:
It is characterized by the facial
grimaced of the patient.
It is an unpleasant sensation.
All of the above
None of the above

The final step of the

research process, for the
researcher is to:
Analyze the data
Interpret the data
Disseminate the findings
Utilize the findings

Which of the following

medium can be utilized in
order to disseminate the
research findings?
Books
Journal
Poster
All of the above

Which of the following statement about

qualitative and quantitative method is
correct?
The conduct of qualitative research is
easier than quantitative
Qualitative researches requires more
participants than quantitative
researches
Quantitative collects subjective data
while qualitative collects objective data
Qualitative utilizes deductive reasoning
while quantitative uses inductive
reasoning.

When a researcher
simultaneously uses
quantitative and
qualitative method in a
single study, the research
is classified as:
Multimethod
Triangulation
Meta-analysis

A primary source for a nursing

research study is:
The retrieval mechanism that is
first used in locating sources of
literature
An index that directs the reader
to the research study
A description of the study from
the researcher who conducted
the research
A summary of research on the

Most research articles that

appear in the journal
Research in Nursing and
Healthcare examples of:
Primary
Secondary
Conceptual
Local

Which of the following

sources will provide the
most current information
about a certain research
topic?
Books
CD-ROM
On line source
Printed Indexes

In conducting literature
review, the researcher is
least interested on which of
the following information?
Research study results
Opinions about the research
study
The definition of the research
variables
Research study methodology

It is a statement that
asserts a certain
relationship of
concepts?
Proposition
Theory
Construct

Today, nursing researches

have utilized which of the
following approaches?
Deductive approach
Inductive approach
Both deductive and
inductive
Neither inductive or
deductive

Deriving a propositional
statement from a certain
theory is an example of:
Deductive approach
Inductive approach
Both deductive and
inductive
Neither inductive or
deductive

Which of the following about

theory is considered false?
It proves the relationship
among the variables
It explains the relationship
among variables
It describes the relationship
among variables
It contains propositional
statement.

Which of the following ethical

principles articulated in the
Belmont Report is applied
when the researcher maintains
the identity of the subjects?
A. Confidentiality
B. Justice
C. Respect for human dignity
D. Anonymity

Which of the following

is not a common
concept that is usually
included in all nursing
models?
Nursing
Death
Health

Which of the following

distinguishes true
experimental from quasiexperimental?
The use of small sample size
The use of non-probability
sampling
The introduction of the
experimental treatment
The random assignment of

Which of the following research

design is appropriate if you are
trying to identify changes on
patients low back pain after they
were taght of an exercise to correct
back alignment?
One group pre-test, post-test
One-shot case study
Post-test only cotrol group design
Pre-test and posttest control group
design

Which of the following

design controls sensitization
of subjects to a pre-test?
Solomon four group
Time series
One shot case study
Pre-test, post-test control
group design

Collecting data from sample

to determine the
characteristics of the
population is the purpose of
what type of research
Comparative
Survey
Correlational
Methodological

Which type of research is

appropriate for the study to
determine the nurses
involvement in bringing
change on the type of forms
used for recording patients
data?
Action
Ethnographic
Phenomenological

Which of the following is an

advantage of interview
method of data collection
versus observation?
It yields a more accurate data
It preserves both anonymity
and confidentiality
It preserves only the anonymity
of the respondents
Data can be easily obtained
from a large group of

A purpose of observation
research is to?

Determine beliefs about

people
Examine attitudes of
people
Obtain examples of
peoples behaviors
Analyze personal

Which of the data

gathering method can
provide the most
objective information?
Questionnaires
Interview
Observation
Bio-physiologic data

This scale presents

statements that the patient
must indicate his level of
agreement or disagreement.
Q sorts
Semantic
Likert
VAS

It contains sets of bipolar

responses/adjectives and
asks the respondents to
select a point on a scale
between the two adjectives?
Q sorts
Sematic
Likert
VAS

Standard deviation is
a measure of:
Skewness
Correlation
Difference
Variation

Correlation is a
procedure used to
determine if:
X and Y are different
X causes Y
X comes before Y
X and Y vary together

The measure of the

magnitude and direction
of relationship is
determined by:
a. correlation coefficient
b. Pearson r correlation
c. Spearman rho
d. Chi-square

Which of the following

correlation coefficients would
indicate the strongest
relationship between anxiety
score and score in the NLE?
r= -.3789
r= -1.0
r= .7890
r= .99999999

If the researcher plans to

present his data using
graphs, which of the following
types of graphs are most
widely used for displaying
distribution of data?
A. Pie graph
B. Scatter diagram
C. Bar graph
D. Line graph

A study obtained a
correlational coefficient of
+2.89. what is the
meaning of the result?
An error in calculation
Insignificant relationship
Significant positive
relationship
Highly significant direct

Which of the following

is the latest way of
presenting research
findings?
Thesis
Dissertation
Oral defense
Research poster

Which of the following is the

lowest level of best
evidence for evidencebased practice?
Clinical experiences
Opinions of experts
Client values and
preferences
Trial and error

A quantitative research approach is

most appropriate for which study?
A study measuring the effects of sleep
deprivation on wound healing
A study examining the bereavement
process in spouses of clients with
terminal cancer
A study exploring factors influencing
weight control behavior
A study examining a clients feelings
before and after a bone marrow
aspiration

A qualitative research approach is

most appropriate for which study?
A study measuring nutrition and
weight loss or gain in clients with
cancer
A study examining oxygen levels
after endotracheal suctioning
A study examining client reactions
to stress after open heart surgery
A study measuring differences in
blood pressure before, during, and
after a procedure

A key function of a studys

methodology is to
Determine the hypotheses that
will be tested in the study.
Exercise control over
contaminating factors in the
study environment.
Identify grants and other
funding sources for conducting
the study.
Protect the rights of the studys

In the PICO format for

phrasing research questions
and identifying key terms for
a literature search, what
does the P stand for?
Patterns
Population
Probability
Purpose

Which of the following is a nursing

responsibility when reading published
nursing research?
Assume that the research was properly
conducted since it has been published.
Evaluate whether the findings are
applicable to the nurses specific clients.
Implement the research findings if at
least two studies have shown the same
results.
Request the raw data from the
researchers so that the nurse can
analyze the statistics again.

A research critique can best be

defined as a/an
Appraisal of a studys strengths
and weaknesses.
Conclusion about the utilization
potential of a studys findings.
Criticism of a studys flaws.
Summary of a studys key
points.

An 85-year-old client in a
nursing home tells a nurse,
Because the doctor was so
insistent, I signed the papers
for that research study. Also, I
was afraid he would not
continue taking care of me.
Which ethical principle is being
violated?
Beneficence
Full disclosure
Respect

Which from among the ethicomoral principles can be

considered in this study if the
subject decide to withdraw
from participation even if the
study has not yet been
completed?
a. fair treatment
b. respect
c. right to self determination
d. freedom from exploitation

findings from a recent research study that

shows that clients appreciate classical
orchestra music and playing it frequently
lowers clients blood pressure. Which aspect
of research suggests that it may not be
appropriate to implement this as evidencebased practice?
All research is flawed.
The research would not have taken into
consideration the cost of acquiring and
playing the music in a hospital.
One study would not be sufficient to show
that all clients would find orchestral music
pleasing.
Research cannot demonstrate clients
appreciation of music since research is only

You decided to include 5

barangays in your municipality
and choose a sampling method
that would get representative
samples from each barangay.
What should be the appropriate
method for you to use in this
care?
A. Cluster sampling
B. Stratified sampling
C. Systematic sampling
D. Random sampling

Jijumar Ruxas, Meryam Pu with

research team leader Lini
Duter conducted a study
entitled Life Experiences of
Sexually-Abused Aetas. The
independent variable of the
said study is?
Lived Experience
Sexual Abuse
Cannot be determined
None of the Above.