COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

DENSE WAVELENGTH DIVISION

MULTIPLEXING
PRESENTED BY
SAI AJITH
MANISH K
DEPT- EEE
SEM- 6TH

WAVELENGTH DIVISION
MULTIPLEXING :

DM is a technology which multiplexes multiple optic

arrier signals on a single optical fiber by using differ
wavelengths of laser light to carry different signals.

There are two types of WDM

> Coarse WDM
> Dense WDM

WHAT IS DWDM ??

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is a

echnology that uses more than eight multiplexed sig
o transmit many wavelengths of light simultaneousl
ver a single optical fiber .

HISTORY OF DWDM ::

64 to 160 channels in 1550 nm windo

Next generation DWDM system
Channel spacing of 0.2 to 0.4 nm

Late
1990s

16 to 40 channels in 1550nm window

DWDM (Dense wdm)
Channel spacing of 0.8 to 1.6

Mid
1990s
Early
1990s

2 to 8 channels in 1550nm window

Passive (or) 2nd generation WDM
Channel spacing of~ 3.2nm

1980s2 channels WWDM (Wideband WDM)

1310nm & 1550nm

A DWDM SYSTEM::

basic DWDM system contains several main compone

(a) A DWDM terminal multiplexer

(b) An intermediate line repeater

(c) An intermediate optical terminal

(d) A DWDM terminal demultiplexer

(e) Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC)

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
DWDM SYSTEM ::

ITU-TG ::

standards suggest that the OSC should utilize an OC-3 signa

cture, though some vendors have opted to use 100 megabit
ernet or another signal format.

sponders in some systems supporting 40GHz nominal opera

also perform forward error correction (FEC) via 'digital wra
nology, as described in the ITU -TG .709 standard.

ugh ITU -TG .694.1frequency grid , it is easier to integrate WD

older but more standard SONET/SDH systems.

WAVELENGTH
ONVERTING TRANSPONDERS
Wavelength converting transponders translate the transmitted
wavelength of a client-layer signal into one of the DWDM system's
equivalent internal wavelengths.
In the mid-1990s,wavelength converting transponders rapidly took
on the additional function of signal regeneration.
Signal regeneration in transponders quickly evolved through 1R
to 2R to 3R .

nsmission

2R

Re-time,
Re-transmit

Re-time,
Re-transmit,
Re-shape

OPTICAL CROSS CONNECTS:

(OXC)

When the network topology is a mesh ,an additional fibre

erconnection device is needed to route the signals from an in
rt to the desired output port.These devices are called optical
ossconnectors(OCXs).Various categories of OXCs include elec
tical, and wavelength selective devices.

CHANNEL SPACING ::

e minimum frequency separation between two different

ultiplexed signals is known as the Channel Spacing. Since th
avelength of operation is inversely proportional to the freque
corresponding difference is introduced in the wavelength of e
gnal.

ATEGORIES OF WAVELENGTH
SWITCHES ::

n-reconfigurable switch.

velength-Independent Reconfigurable switch.

velength-Selective Reconfigurable Switch.

DM , ideally it should have additional optical switching capab

mplement dynamically reconfigurable interconnections nece
the next generation systems.

SONET WITH DWDM ::

y using DWDM as a transport for TDM, existing SONET equipm

vestments can be preserved. Often new implementations ca
minate layers of equipment.

SONET
TERMIN
AL

OC-n

LAYER
-3
SWITCH

C48
O

ATM
SWITCH

-4

8C

WDM

FIBER

DWDM-FM ::

WDM-FM (95.5 MHz Metro Manila) was a music FM radio stati

ed by Eagle Broadcasting Corporation in the Philippines. The

on's studio was located in EDSA, Quezon City and its transm

ated at Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City.

IP OVER DWDM ::

e problem: The explosive growth of the Internet spurred by

eed access networks and flat-rate mobile billing plans has ca
ocious competition in the telecom service provider market.

utions: One potential answer is IP over DWDM.

REQUIRMENTS IN THE
METROPOLITAN AREA ::

requirements in the metropolitan market may differ in some

pects from those in the long-haul network market.

ome key requirements for DWDM systems in the MAN include

e following---Multiprotocol support
calability
eliability and availability
Openness (interfaces, network management, standard fiber
ypes,electromagnetic compatibility)
ase of installation and management
ize and power consumption
ost effectiveness

VALUE OF DWDM IN
METROPOLITAN AREA ::

as first deployed on long-haul routes in a time of fiber scarcit

n the equipment savings made it the solution of choice for ne
g-haul routes, even when ample fiber was available. Alternat
capacity enhancement exist, such as pulling new cable and S
rlays, but DWDM can do more.

WHY DWDM ??

m both technical and economic perspectives, the ability to pr

entially unlimited transmission capacity is the most obvious
antage of DWDM technology. The current investment in fiber
not only be preserved, but optimized by a factor of at least 3
acity can be obtained for the cost of the equipment, and exis
r plant investment is retained.

BENEFITS OF DWDM ::

pacity increase : Large aggregate transmission capacity.

pgradability : Customer growth without requiring additional

to be laid.

exibility : Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing (OADM)

Optical Cross connect (OXC)

alability : The possibility to add new nodes to the network.

etwork Transparency : Independence of data rate, format &

protocols.

REFERENCES :

ww.wikipedia.com
ww.google.com

ps://www.tycois.com/solutions-by-need/protect-my-business/fire-and-lifere-detection
ps://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.next.gr/uploads/4/Fire
xt.gr/security/alarms/index5.html&h=525&w=1000&tbnid=nTZbTf_lVJFs
docid=dRQjUoFvsUVnbM&hl=en&ei=z0LXVrz8BYKgugSgtq7IDg&tbm=isc
ahUKEwj8n7L54aLLAhUCkI4KHSCbC-kQMwhgKDMwMw
p://troindia.in/journal/ijacet/vol2iss3/1-7.pdf
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