06 Routing XR35

Cisco IOS XR
Routing Introduction Training

IOS XR Release 3.5
XR Training / lwigley
2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Public
Routing Agenda
OSPF
ISIS
EIGRP
Static
BGP
Cisco Public
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Area 3
NSSA
IS-IS
BGP
Static
Area 2
ASBR
Internal
Internal
ABR
Virtual
Link
ABR
Area 4
Stub
Area 0
Backbone
ABR
Internal
ABR
Internal
BBone
Passive
Area 1
OSPF v2 and v3 (IPv6)
Cisco Public
OSPF Configuration Basics

Enable by assigning interfaces to areas
All configuration under router ospf
router ospf 100

area 0
area 1
interface gig 0/4/0/0
passive enable
cost 40
Cisco Public
OSPF Sample Configuration
router ospfv3 32
area 0
interface GigabitEthernet0/5/0/0
!
cost 30
!
!
area 1
cost 40
passive
!
router ospf 101
area 0
!
!
Cisco Public
OSPF show commands

show ospf neighbor (detail)
RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf neighbor
Neighbors for OSPF 1
Neighbor ID Pri
State
Dead Time
1.1.3.3
1
FULL/DR
00:00:30
Neighbor is up for 2w5d
Neighbor ID Pri
State
Dead Time
1.1.1.1
1
FULL/BDR
00:00:31
Total neighbor count: 2
Address
1.1.2.3
Interface
GigabitEthernet0/4/0/0
Address
1.1.1.1
Interface
GigabitEthernet0/4/0/1
RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf neighbor detail

Neighbors for OSPF 1
Neighbor 1.1.3.3, interface address 1.1.2.3
In the area 0 via interface GigabitEthernet0/4/0/0
Neighbor priority is 1, State is FULL, 6 state changes
DR is 1.1.2.3 BDR is 1.1.2.2
Options is 0x52
LLS Options is 0x1 (LR)
Dead timer due in 00:00:33
Number of DBD retrans during last exchange 0
Index 1/1, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 1
First 0(0)/0(0) Next 0(0)/0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Cisco Public
OSPF show commands

show ospf interface (brief)
RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf interface
GigabitEthernet0/4/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.2.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.3.3, Interface address 1.1.2.3
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.2.2, Interface address 1.1.2.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:04
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0(0)/0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 1 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.3.3 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf interface brief

Interface
Gi0/4/0/0
Gi0/4/0/1
PID
1
1
Area
0
0
IP Address/Mask
1.1.2.2/24
1.1.1.2/24
Cost
1
1
State Nbrs F/C

BDR
1/1
DR
1/1
Cisco Public
OSPF show commands

show ospf database
RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.2.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID
1.1.1.1
1.1.2.2
1.1.3.3
ADV Router
1.1.1.1
1.1.2.2
1.1.3.3
Age
1453
1773
751
Seq#
0x8000035a
0x8000035c
0x80000362
Checksum
0x004283
0x00c5db
0x002a86
Link count
1
2
1
Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID
1.1.1.2
1.1.2.3
ADV Router
1.1.2.2
1.1.3.3
Age
1773
751
Seq#
Checksum
0x8000035a 0x00efd8
0x8000035c 0x00efce
Cisco Public
OSPF show commands

show ospf database (LSA type)
RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf database router
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.2.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 1390
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 1.1.1.1
Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
LS Seq Number: 8000035a
Checksum: 0x4283
Length: 36
Number of Links: 1
Link connected to: a Transit Network
(Link ID) Designated Router address: 1.1.1.2
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 1.1.1.1
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1
Cisco Public
ISIS Configuration Basics

Enable by assigning interfaces to ISIS
All configuration under router isis
router isis <label>

net 49.0001.0000.0000.000c.00

address-family ipv4 unicast
Cisco Public
10
ISIS Sample Configuration
router isis 7
net 49.0001.0000.0000.000c.00
interface Loopback0
!
!
!
!
!
!
Cisco Public
11
ISIS show commands

show isis neighbor
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show isis neighbor
IS-IS 7 neighbors:
System Id
Interface
gsr7-admin
Gi0/4/0/3
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/1
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/2
SNPA
0005.dd32.5000
0050.2abe.8df9
0050.2abe.8dfa
State
Up
Up
Up
Holdtime
27
25
29
Type
L1L2
L1L2
L1L2
IETF-NSF
Capable
Capable
Capable
Cisco Public
12
ISIS show commands

show isis neighbor detail
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show isis neighbor detail
IS-IS 7 neighbors:
System Id
Interface
gsr7-admin
Gi0/4/0/3
Area Address(es): 49.0001
IPv4 Address(es): 11.1.1.7*
Topologies: 'IPv4 Unicast'
Uptime: 01:12:39
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/1
Uptime: 03:37:17
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/2
Uptime: 03:37:17
SNPA
State Holdtime Type IETF-NSF
0005.dd32.5000 Up
22
L1L2 Capable
0050.2abe.8df9 Up
23
L1L2 Capable
0050.2abe.8dfa Up
26
L1L2 Capable
Cisco Public
13
ISIS show commands

show isis adjacency
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show isis adjacency
IS-IS 7 Level-1 adjacencies:
System Id
Interface
gsr7-admin
Gi0/4/0/3
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/1
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/2
SNPA
0005.dd32.5000
0050.2abe.8df9
0050.2abe.8dfa
State
Up
Up
Up
Hold
20
21
29
Changed
01:13:58
03:38:37
03:38:37
NSF
Yes
Yes
Yes
BFD
None
None
None
SNPA
0005.dd32.5000
0050.2abe.8df9
0050.2abe.8dfa
State
Up
Up
Up
Hold
25
28
24
Changed
01:13:59
03:38:37
03:38:37
NSF
Yes
Yes
Yes
BFD
None
None
None
Total adjacency count: 3

IS-IS 7 Level-2 adjacencies:
System Id
Interface
gsr7-admin
Gi0/4/0/3
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/1
GSR2
Gi0/4/0/2
Total adjacency count: 3
Cisco Public
14
ISIS show commands

show isis ipv4 route
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show isis ipv4 route
IS-IS 7 IPv4 Unicast routes
Codes: L1 - level 1, L2 - level 2, ia - interarea (leaked into level 1)
df - level 1 default (closest attached router), su - summary null
C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, O - OSPF
i - IS-IS (redistributed from another instance)
Maximum parallel path count: 8
C
1.1.1.1/32
is directly connected, Loopback0
L1 7.7.7.7/32 [20/115]
via 11.1.1.7, GigabitEthernet0/4/0/3, gsr7-admin
C 11.1.1.0/24
is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/4/0/3
L1 11.1.2.0/24 [20/115]
via 12.1.3.2, GigabitEthernet0/4/0/2, GSR2
via 12.1.2.2, GigabitEthernet0/4/0/1, GSR2
C 12.1.2.0/24
C 12.1.3.0/24
Cisco Public
15
ISIS show commands

show isis topology
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show isis topology
IS-IS 7 paths to IPv4 Unicast (Level-1)
System Id
Metric Next-Hop
gsr7-admin
10
gsr7-admin
GSR2
10
GSR2
GSR2
10
GSR2
GSR1
--
routers
Interface
Gi0/4/0/3
Gi0/4/0/2
Gi0/4/0/1
SNPA
0005.dd32.5000
0050.2abe.8dfa
0050.2abe.8df9
IS-IS 7 paths to IPv4 Unicast (Level-2)

System Id
Metric Next-Hop
gsr7-admin
10
gsr7-admin
GSR2
10
GSR2
GSR2
10
GSR2
GSR1
--
routers
Interface
Gi0/4/0/3
Gi0/4/0/2
Gi0/4/0/1
SNPA
0005.dd32.5000
0050.2abe.8dfa
0050.2abe.8df9
Cisco Public
16
EIGRP Configuration Basics

Enable by assigning interfaces to EIGRP
All configuration under router eigrp
router eigrp <AS>

address-family ipv4
interface mgmtEth 0/7/CPU0/0
passive-interface
Cisco Public
17
EIGRP Sample Configuration
router eigrp 7
address-family ipv4
interface MgmtEth0/7/CPU0/0
passive-interface
!
!
!
!
!
!
Cisco Public
18
EIGRP show commands

show eigrp neighbor
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show eigrp neighbor
IP-EIGRP neighbors for AS 7
H
Address
Interface
2
1
0
12.1.3.2
12.1.2.2
11.1.1.7
Gi0/4/0/2
Gi0/4/0/1
Gi0/4/0/3
Hold Uptime
SRTT
(sec)
(ms)
13 00:00:01
34
13 00:00:01
34
13 00:12:22
8
RTO
Q
Cnt
204 0
204 0
200 0
Seq
Num
6
5
4
Cisco Public
19
EIGRP show commands

show eigrp neighbor detail
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show eigrp neighbors detail
IP-EIGRP neighbors for AS 7
H
2
1
0
Address
Hold Uptime
SRTT
(sec)
(ms)
12.1.3.2
Gi0/4/0/2
12 00:01:52
21
Version 3.3/1.2, Retrans: 0, Retries: 0, Prefixes: 6
12.1.2.2
Gi0/4/0/1
12 00:01:52
22
11.1.1.7
Gi0/4/0/3
12 00:14:13
4
Interface
RTO
Q Seq
Cnt Num
200 0 12
200
13
200
Cisco Public
20
EIGRP show commands

show eigrp topology
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR1#show eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(7)/ID(1.1.1.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 7.0.0.0/8, 1 successors, FD is 181760
via 12.1.3.2 (181760/156160), GigabitEthernet0/4/0/2
via Connected, GigabitEthernet0/4/0/3
Cisco Public
21
Static Routes
Static Routing Configuration Modes

router static
0.0.0.0/0 7.1.9.1
7.7.7.77/32 7.1.9.1
8.8.8.1/32 GigabitEthernet0/5/0/1.101
8.8.8.1/32 GigabitEthernet0/5/0/1.102
8.8.8.2/32 5.1.1.2
8.8.8.2/32 5.2.1.2
!
router static address-family ipv6 unicast
Cisco Public
22
BGP Agenda
Key Concepts
Configuration Basics
Configuration Templates
Monitoring BGP
Distributed BGP
Cisco Public
23
IOS XR BGP Key Concepts

Address Families
Configure separately
Must be initialized
Neighbor Based Configuration

Neighbor Group
Session Group
Address Family Group
Distributed BGP
(Route Policy Language)
Cisco Public
24
Address Families
Most configuration is address family specific
Must be initialized under bgp global configuration
router bgp 600
Additional configuration under neighbor AF mode

router bgp 600
neighbor 5.5.5.5
route-policy filter_peers in
5 address families in release 3.3

IPv4 unicast
IPv4 multicast
IPv6 unicast
IPv6 multicast
VPNv4 unicast
Cisco Public
25
Configuration Basics
Minimal Configuration
Assign BGP AS Number

Initialize an address family
Create a neighbor
Assign a remote AS
Enable an address family within the neighbor
Apply filters in and out on EBGP links
router bgp 100
!
neighbor 1.1.1.1
remote-as 200
route-policy filter-in in
route-policy filter-out out
Cisco Public
26
af-group, session-group, and neighbor-group
Templates enable efficient configuration

Not required for run-time efficiency (automatic update
groups)
use keyword to inherit from group

Hierarchy is supported
Cisco Public
27
Address Family Group
Reusable template for Address Family specific parameters

router bgp 1000
!
neighbor 1.1.1.1
remote-as 100
route-policy foo in
maximum-prefix 50000 75
route-policy bar out
capability orf prefix both
remove-private-AS
!
neighbor 2.2.2.2
remote-as 200
route-policy foo in
remove-private-AS
!
neighbor 3.3.3.3
remote-as 300
route-policy foo in
remove-private-AS
router bgp 1000

!
af-group wolfpack address-family ipv4 unicast
route-policy foo in
remove-private-AS
!
neighbor 1.1.1.1
remote-as 200
use af-group wolfpack
!
neighbor 2.2.2.2
remote-as 200
!
neighbor 3.3.3.3
remote-as 200
Cisco Public
28
Session Group
Reusable template for Address Family independent parameters

router bgp 1000
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
neighbor 8.1.1.1
remote-as 100
password encrypted 0310541B150A225E4B1D
update-source Loopback0
use af-group deacons
!
neighbor 8.1.1.2
remote-as 100
!
neighbor 8.1.1.3
remote-as 100
router bgp 1000

!
session-group ibgp
remote-as 100
!
neighbor 8.1.1.1
use session-group ibgp
!
neighbor 8.1.1.2
!
neighbor 8.1.1.3
Cisco Public
29
Neighbor Group
Reusable template for both AF and session parameters

router bgp 1000
!
neighbor 8.1.1.1
remote-as 100
password encrypted 01110A0553
route-policy foo in
!
neighbor 8.1.1.2
remote-as 100
route-policy foo in
!
neighbor 8.1.1.3
remote-as 100
route-policy foo in
router bgp 1000

!
neighbor-group cavs
remote-as 100
route-policy foo in
!
neighbor 8.1.1.1
use neighbor-group cavs
!
neighbor 8.1.1.2
!
neighbor 8.1.1.3
Cisco Public
30
Template Group Inheritance

Groups may call other template groups
use keyword within group configuration mode
Inheritance only from appropriate types

Topmost value used if variable set more than once
Neighbor Groups
inherit from all types
AF Group
AFG
Session Group
AFG
SG
AFG
SG
SG
Neighbor Group
SG
NG
AFG
SG
Cisco Public
31
BGP Show Commands
show bgp process

show bgp summary
show bgp ipv4 unicast summary
show bgp vpnv4 unicast summary
show bgp neighbors <IP> configuration
show bgp policy
Cisco Public
32
show bgp process

RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR2#show bgp process
BGP Process Information
BGP is operating in STANDALONE mode
Autonomous System: 12
Router ID: 2.2.2.2
Cluster ID: 2.2.2.2
Fast external fallover enabled
Neighbor logging is enabled
Enforce first AS enabled
Default local preference: 100
Default keepalive: 60
Update delay: 120
Generic scan interval: 60
Address family: IPv4 Unicast
Dampening is not enabled
Client reflection is enabled
Scan interval: 60
Main Table Version: 3
IGP notification: IGPs notified
RIB has converged: version 0
Node
node0_7_CPU0
Process
Speaker
Nbrs Estb Rst Upd-Rcvd Upd-Sent Nfn-Rcv Nfn-Snt

2
2
1
2
4
0
1
Cisco Public
33
show bgp ipv4 unicast summary

RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR2#show bgp ipv4 unicast summary
BGP router identifier 2.2.2.2, local AS number 12
BGP generic scan interval 60 secs
BGP table state: Active
BGP main routing table version 3
BGP scan interval 60 secs
BGP is operating in STANDALONE mode.
Process
Speaker
RecvTblVer
3
Neighbor
1.1.1.1
11.1.2.7
Spk
0
0
bRIB/RIB
3
LabelVer
3
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
12
8
8
7
11
8
TblVer
3
3
ImportVer
3
SendTblVer
3
InQ OutQ Up/Down St/PfxRcd

0
0 00:04:42
1
0
0 00:06:04
1
RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR2#show bgp summary

BGP is operating in STANDALONE mode.
Process
Speaker
RecvTblVer
5
Neighbor
1.1.1.1
11.1.2.7
Spk
0
0
bRIB/RIB
5
LabelVer
5
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
12
20
21
7
26
24
TblVer
5
5
ImportVer
5
SendTblVer
5

0
0 00:16:15
1
0
0 00:17:38
1
Cisco Public
34
show bgp vpnv4 unicast summary

DRP/0/2/CPU1:rgr2-q1#show bgp vpnv4 unicast summary
BGP is operating in DISTRIBUTED mode.
Process
Speaker
Speaker
bRIB
Neighbor
11.0.4.2
Id
1
2
3
RecvTblVer
1
2115
68541
Spk
2
bRIB/RIB
1
2115
68541
LabelVer
0
0
68541
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
1
1019
1180
TblVer
1595
ImportVer
0
0
68541
SendTblVer
0
1595
68541

0
0 01:09:10
5
Cisco Public
35
show bgp vrf <name> summary

DRP/0/2/CPU1:rgr2-q1#show bgp vrf t1 summary
BGP VRF t1, state: Active
BGP Route Distinguisher: 10.0.0.1:0
BGP is operating in DISTRIBUTED mode.
Process
Speaker
Speaker
Neighbor
11.0.3.2
Id
1
2
RecvTblVer
1
2115
Spk
2
AS
1001
bRIB/RIB
1
2115
LabelVer
0
0
MsgRcvd MsgSent
1025
1023
ImportVer
0
0
TblVer
1595
SendTblVer
0
1595

0
0 01:10:48
5
Cisco Public
36
show bgp neighbors <IP> configuration

RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR2#show bgp neighbor 11.1.2.7 configuration
neighbor 11.1.2.7
remote-as 7
[]
address-family ipv4 unicast []
policy pass-all in
[]
policy parent out
[]
Cisco Public
37
show bgp policy

RP/0/7/CPU0:GSR2#show bgp policy
101.0.0.0/8 is advertised to 1.1.1.1
Path info:
neighbor: 11.1.2.7
neighbor router id: 50.1.1.7
valid external best
Attributes after inbound policy was applied:
next hop: 11.1.2.7
MET ORG AS
origin: IGP neighbor as: 7 metric: 0
aspath: 7
Attributes after outbound policy was applied:
next hop: 11.1.2.7
MET ORG AS
origin: IGP neighbor as: 7 metric: 0
aspath: 7
Cisco Public
38
Distributed BGP
Processing split between Speakers and centralized RIB
Enables DRPs to participate in BGP operation
Supported on CRS-1
Cisco Public
39
Standalone BGP - Default

BGP Neighbors (internal or external)
BGP Speaker (on primary RP)
BGP Process Manager (on primary RP)
RIB
Cisco Public
40
Distributed BGP
Speakers handle communication with peers
Speaker 1
on DRP-1
Speaker 2
on DRP-2
Speakers on RPs or DRP
Speaker 3
on Primary RP
Speaker 4
on Primary RP
RIB
Cisco Public
41
Distributed BGP Partial vs. Full Best Paths

Partial Best Paths
Speaker 1
on DRP-1
Full Best Paths
Speaker 2
on DRP-2
Speaker 3
on Primary RP
Speaker 4
on Primary RP

RIB
Cisco Public
42
Distributed Best Path Selection

Partial Decision on Speaker
Final Decision BGP RIB

Check EBGP v IBGP
Compare WEIGHT
Compare IGP metric
Compare LOCAL_PREF
Check ECMP max
Check LOCAL origination or

REDIST
If paths external and equal,

prefer oldest
Check AS_PATH Length
Compare router_id
Check ORIGIN
If using RR and router_id is

equivalent use lowest
cluster_id
Compare MED
Cisco Public
43
Distributed BGP Configuration

Enable distributed Speakers
distributed speaker 1
distributed speaker 2
Assign neighbor or neighbor group to Speaker

neighbor-group ibgp-peers
speaker-id 2
!
neighbor 8.1.1.1
speaker-id 1
Influence Speaker placement via process placement CLI
(outside scope of this session)
Cisco Public
44
Q and A
Cisco Public
45
Cisco Public
46

06 Routing XR35

Transféré par

Informations du document

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

06 Routing XR35

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Cisco IOS XR

Routing Introduction Training

2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

OSPF Configuration Basics

router ospf 100

interface gig 0/4/0/0

interface gig 0/3/0/0

interface gig 0/5/0/4

interface gig 0/3/0/1

interface gig 0/5/0/5

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

OSPF Sample Configuration

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

OSPF show commands

RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf neighbor detail

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

OSPF show commands

RP/0/5/CPU0:xr-router#show ospf interface brief

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

State Nbrs F/C

OSPF show commands

Net Link States (Area 0)

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

OSPF show commands

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS Configuration Basics

router isis <label>

interface gig 0/4/0/0

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS Sample Configuration

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS show commands

Total neighbor count: 3

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS show commands

Total neighbor count: 3

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS show commands

Total adjacency count: 3

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS show commands

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISIS show commands

IS-IS 7 paths to IPv4 Unicast (Level-2)

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

EIGRP Configuration Basics

router eigrp <AS>

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

EIGRP Sample Configuration

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

EIGRP show commands

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

EIGRP show commands

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

EIGRP show commands

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Static Routing Configuration Modes

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

IOS XR BGP Key Concepts

Neighbor Based Configuration