PEREMPUAN MELAYU,

MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

Language Elements
By:
Aiza Azira Binti Abdul Rahman
Basirah Binti Sabri
Nur Asyikin Binti Azizi
Samihatul Mukrimah Binti Nordin

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

Phono
logy
Pragm
atics

Sema
ntics

Eleme
nts of
Langu
age

Morph
ology

Synta
x

Phonology

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

The study of speech structure within a language,

including both the patterns of basic speech units and
the accepted rules of pronunciation.
The system of the sound segments that humans use to
build up words.
Each language has a different set of these segments
(phonemes) and children quickly recognize and then
produce the speech segments that are characteristics of
E.g.: that contains three phonemes =
their native language.
/th/ + /a/ +/t/
The smallest units of sound that make up a language is
known as phoneme.

Morphology

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

The study of the smallest units of meaning.

Include base words.
E.g: hat pat
dog

Knowledge of the morphology of our language is critical

to vocabulary development and reflects the smallest
building blocks of comprehension.

Syntax

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

The study of how individual words and their most basic

meaningful units are combined to create sentences.
The rules of grammar for our language.
Allows us to recognize that the following two sentences,
while containing different word order and levels of
complexity, have the same meaning.
I went to the store
E.g:

The boy hit the ball.

The ball was hit by
the ball.

meaningful (grammatically)
To store went I not
acceptable

Semantics

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

The system of meaning that are expressed by words

and phrases.
The meaning and interpretation of words, signs, and
sentence structure.
Determine our reading comprehension, how we
understand others, and even what decisions we make
as a result
of our
interpretations.
His wife
is a widow.
Example
The
of pretty
meaningless
girl looks sentences:
ugly.

Pragmatics

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

The system of patterns that determine how human can

use language in particular social settings for particular
conversational purposes.
Children learn that conversations customarily begin with
a greeting, require turn taking, and concern a shared
topic.
They come to adjust the content of their
communications to match their listeners interests,
knowledge and language ability.

Source

PEREMPUAN MELAYU,
MELAKA.
PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS
PKBK 3073
(JUN 2015)

http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-semantics-def
nition-examples-quiz.html
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2012). PKB 3105
English Language Teaching Metadology. Modul.