August 22, 2016

Warm up
Find the value of the variable in each problem below.

1.

2.

August 23, 2016

Warm up
Simplify the following
expression

Simplify the expression below.

Determine the degree of the polynomial
and the number of terms

Whats Up for the Week?

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Algebra II
I can operate with
polynomials and use
binomial expansion to
rewrite polynomials
I can use binomial
expansion to rewrite
polynomials

IN-CLASS
Take note on adding,
subtraction, multiplication and
division (by monomials and long
division
Take notes Binomial Expansion
Skills Practice

HOMEWORK
Finish classwork

Whats Up for Today?

LEARNING TARGET

IN-CLASS

HOMEWORK
Finish classwork

Algebra II
I can operate with
polynomials and use
binomial expansion to
rewrite polynomials

Take note on adding,

subtraction, multiplication and
division (by monomials and long
division
Use classwork notes to show
answers for math problems.
Exit slips

Laws of Exponents

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Simplify the Following using

Laws of Exponents
1.

2.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

 12.4

Adding and Subtracting

Polynomials

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials

Adding Polynomials
Combine all the like terms.

Subtracting Polynomials
Change the signs of the terms of the polynomial
being subtracted, and then combine all the like
terms.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials

Example
Add or subtract each of the following, as indicated.
1) (3x 8) + (4x2 3x +3) = 3x 8 + 4x2 3x + 3
= 4x2 + 3x 3x 8 + 3
= 4x2 5
2) 4 ( y 4) = 4 + y + 4 = y + 4 + 4 = y + 8
3) ( a2 + 1) (a2 3) + (5a2 6a + 7)
= a2 + 1 a2 + 3 + 5a2 6a + 7
= a2 a2 + 5a2 6a + 1 + 3 + 7 = 3a2 6a + 11
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials

In the previous examples, after discarding the
parentheses, we would rearrange the terms so that
like terms were next to each other in the
expression.
You can also use a vertical format in arranging
your problem, so that like terms are aligned with
each other vertically.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

10

 12.5

Multiplying
Polynomials

Multiplying Polynomials
Multiplying polynomials

If all of the polynomials are monomials, use the

associative and commutative properties.
If any of the polynomials are not monomials,
use the distributive property before the
associative and commutative properties. Then
combine like terms.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

12

Multiplying Polynomials
Example

Multiply each of the following.

1) (3x2)( 2x) = (3)( 2)(x2 x) = 6x3
2) (4x2)(3x2 2x + 5)
= (4x2)(3x2) (4x2)(2x) + (4x2)(5)
= 12x4 8x3 + 20x2

(Distributive property)

(Multiply the monomials)

3) (2x 4)(7x + 5) = 2x(7x + 5) 4(7x + 5)

= 14x2 + 10x 28x 20

= 14x2 18x 20
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

13

Multiplying Polynomials
Example
Multiply (a + 2)(a3 3a2 + 7).

(a + 2)(a3 3a2 + 7) = a(a3 3a2 + 7) + 2(a3 3a2 + 7)

=

a4 3a3 + 7a + 2a3 6a2 + 14

a4 a3 6a2 + 7a + 14

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

14

Multiplying Polynomials
Example
Multiply (3x 7y)(7x + 2y)

(3x 7y)(7x + 2y) = (3x)(7x + 2y) 7y(7x + 2y)

=
=

21x2 + 6xy 49xy + 14y2

21x2 43xy + 14y2

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

15

Multiplying Polynomials
Example
Multiply (2x2 + x 1)(x2 + 3x + 4)

(2x2 + x 1)(x2 + 3x + 4)
= (2x2)(x2 + 3x + 4) + x(x2 + 3x + 4) 1(x2 + 3x + 4)
=

2x4 + 6x3 + 8x2 + x3 + 3x2 + 4x x2 3x 4

2x4 + 7x3 + 10x2 + x 4

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Try These!
16

Multiplying Polynomials
Multiply (x + 3)3

Multiply (x - 2)4

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

17

Multiplying Polynomials
You can also use a vertical format in arranging the
polynomials to be multiplied.
In this case, as each term of one polynomial is
multiplied by a term of the other polynomial, the
partial products are aligned so that like terms are
together.
This can make it easier to find and combine like
terms.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

18

 12.7

Dividing Polynomials

Dividing Polynomials
Dividing a polynomial by a monomial
Divide each term of the polynomial separately by
the monomial.

Example

12a 3 36a 15
12a 3 36a 15

3a
3a
3a 3a
5
2
4a 12
a
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

20

Dividing Polynomials
Dividing a polynomial by a polynomial other
than a monomial uses a long division
technique that is similar to the process known
as long division in dividing two numbers,
which is reviewed on the next slide.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

21

Dividing Polynomials
168
43 7256
43
295
258
37 6
344
32

Divide 43 into 72.

Multiply 1 times 43.
Subtract 43 from 72.
Bring down 5.
Divide 43 into 295.
Multiply 6 times 43.
Subtract 258 from 295.
Bring down 6.
Divide 43 into 376.
Multiply 8 times 43.
Subtract 344 from 376.
Nothing to bring down.

We then write our result as

32
168 .
43

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

22

Dividing Polynomials
As you can see from the previous example, there is
a pattern in the long division technique.
Divide
Multiply
Subtract
Bring down
Then repeat these steps until you cant bring
down or divide any longer.
We will incorporate this same repeated technique
with dividing polynomials.
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

23

Dividing Polynomials
4x 5
2
7 x 3 28 x 23x 15
2
28 x 12 x
35 x 15
35 x 15

Divide 7x into 28x2.

Multiply 4x times 7x+3.
Subtract 28x2 + 12x from 28x2 23x.
Bring down 15.
Divide 7x into 35x.
Multiply 5 times 7x+3.
Subtract 35x15 from 35x15.
Nothing to bring down.

So our answer is 4x 5.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

24

Dividing Polynomials
2x 10
2
2 x 7 4x 6 x 8
2
4 x 14 x
20x 8
20x 70
78
We write our final answer as

Divide 2x into 4x2.

Multiply 2x times 2x+7.
Subtract 4x2 + 14x from 4x2 6x.
Bring down 8.
Divide 2x into 20x.
Multiply -10 times 2x+7.
Subtract 20x70 from 20x+8.
Nothing to bring down.

2x 10

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

78
( 2 x 7)
25