Académique Documents
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COMMUNICATION
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
PRINCIPLES OF
COMMUNICATION
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Definition of terms
Definition of terms
Definition of terms
Where:
c = velocity of light 3 x 108 m/s
f = frequency (Hz)
= wavelength (m)
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Definition of terms
Definition of terms
Definition of terms
Number Notation/Prefixes
milli
micro
nano
pico
femto
atto
zepto
yocto
10-3
10-6
10-9
10-12
10-15
10-18
10-21
10-24
Kilo
Mega
Giga
Tera
Peta
Exa
Zetta
Yotta
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
103
106
109
1012
1015
1018
1021
1024
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Short History
Short History
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Communication Systems
BLOCK DIAGRAM
SOURCE
TRANSMITTER
MEDIUM
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RECEIVER
DESTINATION
Transmission Modes
Transmission Media
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Transmission Media
Twin lead (ribbon cable) same as openwire except that the spacers between the
conductors are replaced with continuous
solid dielectric.
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Transmission Media
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Transmission Media
Transmission Media
RIDGID COAXIAL
CABLE
FLEXIBLE COAXIAL
CABLE
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Transmission Media
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Transmission Media
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Transmission Media
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Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Amplitude Modulation
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Frequency Modulation
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Digital transmission
Digital Radio
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vt = V sin (2ft + )
analog
AM
FM PM
vt = V sin (2ft + )
digital
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Why Modulation?
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Basic AM Transmitter
MODULATING
SIGNAL SOURCE
BPF
PREAMP
MODULATING
SIGNAL DRIVER
AMPLIFIER
MODULATING
SIGNAL POWER
AMPLIFIER
AM MODULATOR
AND OUTPUT
POWER AMPLIFIER
RF CARRIER
OSCILLATOR
BUFFER
AMPLIFIER
CARRIER
DRIVER
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
CARRIER POWER
AMPLIFIER
BPF
Basic AM Transmitter
Basic AM Transmitter
Emission Classification
Emission Classification
Symbol
Type of Modulation
First (letter)
A
B
C
H
J
R
AM, DSBFC
AM, Independent Sideband FC
AM, Vestigial Sideband, FC
AM, SSBFC
AM, SSB Suppressed Carrier
AM, SSB Reduced Carrier
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Emission Classification
F
G
D
K
L
M
P
Q
V
W
N
Emission Classification
Emission Classification
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
I Bt
I = Information capacity
B = system bandwidth (hertz)
t = transmission time (seconds)
(seconds
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Circuit Arrangements
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Circuit Arrangements
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Circuit Arrangements
Two-wire transmission
Transmission
medium
signal
Source
Transmitter
reference
Station A
Receiver
Station B
Passive
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Destination
Circuit Arrangements
Two-wire transmission
Transmission
medium
signal
Source
Transmitter
Amp
Receiver
reference
Station A
Station B
Active
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Destination
Circuit Arrangements
Circuit Arrangements
signal
Source
Transmitter
Amp
Receiver
Destination
reference
Transmissi
on medium
Station A
Station B
signal
Destination
Receiver
Amp
reference
Station A
Transmitter
Station B
Active four-wire circuit
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Source
Circuit Arrangements
Circuit Arrangements
Attenuator
pads
Two wire
line
Hybrid coil
Equalizer
Amp
W-E line
Balancing
network
Four
wire line
E-W line
Amp
Hybrid
Attenuator
pads
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
Equalizer
Circuit Arrangements
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Circuit Arrangements
WE
amplifier
Speech
Detector
West
Hybrid
EW
amplifier
Echo Suppressor
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West
Hybrid
Basic AM Receiver
MIXER/CONVERTER
SECTION
IF SECTION
RF SECTION
AUDIO
DETECTOR
LOCAL
OSCILLATOR
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto
AUDIO AMP
SPKR
Basic AM Receiver
Basic AM Receiver
THANK YOU
HAVE A NICE DAY
Engr. E. B. Pioquinto