S

VE

IN G
T
A
C
A
X SU

I
F AG

ER I E
T
AMA
M
A
L
OG E
R
N
A
H
C Y:
B

CHROMATE FIXATIVES
Fixative
Chromic
Acid

Potassiu
m (K+)
Dichrom
ate

Uses
Proteins
(CHON)
Carbohydrat
es (CHO)

Lipids
Mitochondria

Fixati
on
time
24
hours

--

Advantag
e

Disadvanta
ge

Precipitates
proteins
(CHON)
Preserves
carbohydra
tes (CHO)

Strong oxidizing Add formaldehyde:

agent
-prevent
counteracting
effects

Preserves
lipids
Preserves

mitochondri
a (pH 4.55.2)

Fixes but does

not precipitate
cytoplasmic
structures

Precaution

-prevent
decomposition of
solution
Prevent
acidification, if
acidified:
-fixed:
cytoplasm,
chromatin bodies,
chromosomes

CHROMATE FIXATIVES
Fixative

Uses

Regauds
(Mullers
fluid)

Recommende
d
to
demonstrate:

Golgi
Composition:
bodies
Mitochondri
K+
a
dichromate
Mitotic
(3%) 80ml
figures
Strong
Colloidformaldehy
containing
de (40%)
tissues
20ml (to be Chromatin
added
before use)

Fixati
on
time
12-48
hours

Advantage

Disadvantage

Deteriorates
Penetrates
and darkens
tissues well
on standing
Hardens
due to
tissues
acidity
better
and
more rapidly Tissues not
thicker
than Orths
than 2fluid
3mm or else
penetration
is slow
Chromatefixed tissues
tend to
produce
precipitates
of sub-

Glycogen
penetration is
poor
Nuclear staining
is poor
Does not
preserve fats
Preserves
hemosiderin
less than
buffered formalin
Intensity of PAS
reaction is
reduced

CHROMATE FIXATIVES
Fixative

Uses

Early
degenerati
ve
processes
Composition:
Rickettsiae
and other
K+
bacteria
dichromate
(2.5%)
Myelin
Tissue
100ml
necrosis

Orths
fluid

Strong
formaldehyd
e (40%)
10ml (to be
added
before use)
Sodium

Fixati
on
time
36-72
hours

Advantage

Disadvantage

Recommend
ed for study
of early
degenerative
processes
and tissue
*SAME AS REGARDS (MULLERS)
necrosis
FLUID*
Demonstrate
d Rickettsiae
and other
bacteria
Preserves
myelin
better than
buffered
formalin

SUMMARY (CHROMATE FIXATIVES: CKRO)

Chromic

K+

OrTHs fluid

Acid

ReGauds
dichromate (Mullers)
fluid

CHO

Lipids

Early
processes

CHON

Mitochondria Mitochondria

Golgi bodies

degenerative

Rickettsiae and other

bacteria

Mitotic figures

Myelin

Colloidcontaining
tissues

Tissue necrosis

Chromatin

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