Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
PROBLEM
AND
ITS SCOPE
EDFD 250
Rationale
(Introduction)
Rationale/Introducti
on
statements that justify your
reasons for a particular
proposal/research
presentation of
scenarios/issues
Global
National
Local
*Guidelines*
1. Presentation of the Problem
what the problem is all about
you can start with:
"There has been a contending issue on the
performance of students..."
"Mathematics education has long been
recognized as one of the most important
factors in the development distinguished by
all countries..."
"There
is no other period in world histroy when
english has been making its greatest impact
upon humankind than it is today..."
*Guidelines*
2. The existing of unsatisfactory condition a felt problem
that needs solution
Example:
"Teaching English in high schools has been
observed to be weak as shown by the results
of the survey tests..."
*Guidelines*
NOTE:
To make the rationale more
comprehensive,
present conflicting
studies/ideas/opinions/etc. - both
positive and negative
(most improtant ones)
what is the ideal vs. the actual
scenario
*Guidelines*
3. Rationale of the Study
The reason/s why it is
necessary to conduct the
study
You
can say:
"One of the thrust of DepEd is to strengthen
the teaching of science. It is necessary to
conduct this inquiry to find out how to
strengthen the instruction of science in the
nation/region/province/city..."
*Guidelines*
4. Historical Background of the Problem
*Guidelines*
5. A desire to have a deeper and
clearer understanding of a situation,
circumstance, or phenomenon
*Guidelines*
6. A desire to find a better way of doing
something or of improving a product
*Guidelines*
7. A desire to discover something
*Guidelines*
8. Geographical conditions of
the study locale
necessary in athropological
and economic studies
if the subject of investigation is
rice production, then the terrain,
soil, climate, rainfall, etc. of the
study locale have to be described.
*Guidelines*
9. A link between the introduction
and the statement of the problem
Theoretical
Background
a) Related Theories
present the different theories
from education/behavioral
theorists in which, the study
"This
study is anchored
is achored
on. on theory#1 and
theory#2..."
"This study is anchored on Social Learning Theory
by Bandura which stated that modeling is very
important in the learning process..."
"This study is also anchored on the Theory of
Connectionism by Edward Thorndike which
stated that the result in the association between
the stimuli and response is learning..."
c) Related Literature
and Studies
all the necessary citations that
are related and can support
your study
group the citations
combine all the literatures
combine all the studies
*Characteristics of the
Materials Cited*
1.The materials must be as
recent as possible
This is important because of the rapid
social, political, scientific, and
technological
changes.
The
findings 15
years ago may have
*Characteristics of the
Materials Cited*
2.The materials must be as
objective and unbiased as
possible
some materials are extremely one sided,
either politically or religiously biased
*Characteristics of the
Materials Cited*
3.The materials must be as
relevant to the study
Only materials that have similarity to
or bearing on the problem
researched on, should be cite.
*Characteristics of the
Materials Cited*
4.The materials must not be
too few but not too many
they must be sufficient enough to give
the researcher insight into his problem
Ordinarily,
from 15 to 25 may do for a master's
thesis, and
Theoretical and
Conceptual
Framework
S
A
M
P
L
E
(For UP
MEd)
S
A
M
P
L
E
(For UP
MEd)
*T and C Framework*
NOTE:
Compose 1 or 2
paragraph to summarize
the entire study by
describing the
Theoretical and
Conceptual Framework
Statement of
the Problem
*Statement of the
Problem*
Statement of
Null
Hypotheses
*Null Hypotheses*
Historical and Descriptive
investigations do not need
explicit hypotheses
Only experimental studies
Significance of
the Study
*Significance of the
Study*
possible contribution
to the fund of
knowledge
possible
implications
*Significance of the
Study*
Example
Scope and
Delimitations of
the Study
*Scope and
Delimitations*
Definitions of
Terms
*Definition of Terms*
Guidelines:
1. only terms, words, or phrases which have
special or unique meanings in the study are
2. defined
terms should be defined operationally, that is,
how they are used in the study
3. the researcher may develop his/her own
definition
4.definitions may be taken from encyclopedias,
dictionaries, books, etc. but acknowledge the
source
5.definitions
should be as brief, clear, and
unequivocal as possible
6.acronyms should always be spelled out fully
especially if it is not commonly known or if it is
Thank
you
hazelavergonzadotrapero2015