MEMBRANE TRANSPORT

MECHANISMS

MEMBRANE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS

Passive Process
Substances move down a concentration
gradient from area of higher to lower
concentration or pressure; cell does not
expend energy
eg. Diffusion, Osmosis, Filtration,
Facilitated diffusion
Active Process
Cell expends energy by splitting ATP to
move substances, sometimes against a
concentration gradient
eg. Active transport, Secondary Active
transport, endocytosis, exocytosis,

 Passive Diffusion
Water and small lipid
molecules pass freely
through membrane
Move down
concentration gradient
to equalize
concentrations

Facilitated
Diffusion

CELLS/MATERIAL
MOVEMENT

CELLS/MATERIAL
MOVEMENT

Osmosis
The movement of water across a
membrane toward the more
concentrated solutes
So water therefore diffuses from a
dilute to a concentrated solution.
It exerts a force, known as osmotic
pressure

Cell and Osmosis

There are three possible
concentrations of solution to
consider:
Isotonic solution a solution of equal
OP (or concentration) to a cell
Hypertonic solution a solution of
higher OP (or concentration) than a
cell
Hypotonic solution a solution of lower
OP (or concentration) than a cell

Cell and Osmosis

CELLS/MATERIAL
MOVEMENT

Active
Transport

12

CELLS/MATERIAL
MOVEMENT
LARGE OBJECTS
ENDOCYTOSIS
PHAGOCYTOSIS
PINOCYTOSIS

EXOCYTOSIS

CELLS/MATERIAL
MOVEMENT

CELLS/MATERIAL
MOVEMENT