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Forces and
their Effects
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Contents
What is a force?
A force is a push or a pull. A force cannot be seen but you
can see how a force affects an object.
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Types of forces
All forces involve interactions between
objects. There are several different
types.
Gravity and magnetism are forces
that can act over distances. They are
non-contact forces.
Friction and upthrust are forces that
involve direct contact between
objects. They are contact forces.
All types of forces can occur whether objects are still or moving.
What forces are acting during this rocket launch?
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Measuring forces
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Balanced forces
There are two wind machines applying forces to the ice skater.
The forces acting on the skater are equal in magnitude and
opposite in direction.
The forces are balanced, so they cancel each other out.
The skater does not move.
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10 N
If you link two newtonmeters and pull equally hard from both
ends, the forces recorded on both will be the same.
The forces acting on the central hooks cancel each other out
they are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Because the forces are balanced the hooks do not move.
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Unbalanced forces
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movement
What happens if the pull on one end is greater than the pull
on the other end?
The forces acting on the hooks are no longer balanced.
Both hooks will start to move to the left their speed will
change. This is called acceleration.
Unbalanced forces lead to a change in speed or direction.
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Contents
What is friction?
If you rub your hands
together they get warm.
There is resistance to the
rubbing motion.
What is the name of this
resistive force called?
It is called friction.
What causes this force?
Your hands might look smooth, but on a microscopic level
they have rough surfaces. So when you rub your hands
together you feel the resistive force of friction.
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pedal bearing
wheel bearing
air
resistance
or drag
One
more? Probably
the most important
links in chain
Boardworks Ltd 2005
2004
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Contents
Forces in water
What is thrust?
upthrust
friction
thrust
weight
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Ferry forces
Label the forces acting on the ferry as it sails to France.
upthrust
or buoyancy
air
resistance
friction
thrust
weight
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Changing forces
The ferry arrives at Calais and is loaded with travellers.
increases
increases
Contents
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Contents
Glossary
air resistance A frictional force that acts against an
object moving through air.
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Anagrams
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Multiple-choice quiz
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